霍山石斛2种真菌病害病原菌分离鉴定及抑菌药剂筛选  

Isolation and Identification of 2 Fungal Diseases of Dendrobium Huoshanense and Selection of Antibacterial Agents

作　　者：程安东 汪本勤[1] 冯明峰 CHENG Andong;WANG Benqin;FENG Mingfeng(Lu’an Vocational Technical College,Lu’an 237158,China;Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]六安职业技术学院,安徽六安237158 [2]南京农业大学,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《皖西学院学报》2024年第5期24-32,46,共10页Journal of West Anhui University

基　　金：安徽省教育厅自然科学重点研究项目(KJ2018A0776)。

摘　　要：为了提高霍山石斛Dendrobium huoshanense品质和产量,通过对霍山县多地进行田间调查,发现霍山石斛茎部病害主要为白绢病,叶部病害主要为炭疽病。采集发病典型的新鲜病株作为样本,通过柯赫氏法则验证、形态学观察以及分子生物学鉴定证明了白绢病的致病菌为齐整小核菌Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.的有性态罗氏阿太菌Athelia rolfsii;炭疽病的致病菌为胶孢炭疽菌复合种下的Colletotrichum cameliae。同时测定了12种防治药剂对白绢病及炭疽病的室内抑菌效果,发现25%吡唑嘧菌酯悬浮剂2000倍液、37%苯醚甲环锉水分散粒剂3000倍液、80%乙蒜素乳油2000倍液对白绢病病原菌菌丝生长的抑制效果最好,37%苯醚甲环锉水分散粒剂3000倍液、80%乙蒜素乳油2000倍液对炭疽病病原菌菌丝生长的抑制效果最好。目前,关于霍山石斛病害病原菌种类鉴定及防控药剂的研究未见任何报道,本文通过试验为霍山石斛种植过程中绿色防控提供了理论基础。In order to improve the quality and output of Dendrobium huoshanense,The author surveyed Dendrobium huoshanense in many places of Huoshan County since 2018,we found that the stem disease of Dendrobium huoshanense is mainly southern sclerotium blight,leaf disease mainly for anthrax,these two diseases had great influence on the quality and output of Dendrobium huoshanense.We collected typical fresh pathogenic strains as samples,research by Koch s postulation and morphological observation and molecular biological identification showed that the pathogenic bacterium of southern sclerotium blight was Athelia Rolfsii that Sexual state of Sclerotium Rolfsii Sacc.;The pathogen of anthrax is Colletotrichum cameliae.We also measured indoor bacteriostatic effects of 12 kinds of insecticides for preventing and controlling southern sclerotium blight and anthrax,and we found that the inhibition effect of pyraclostrobin 25%SC,difenoconazole 37%WG,ethylicin 80%EC on mycelia growth is the best.Difenoconazole 37%WG,ethylicin 80%EC on anthracnose pathogen mycelial growth inhibition effect is best.At present,there are no reports about the identification of pathogenic bacteria and prevention and control agents of Dendrobium huoshanense.This paper provides a theoretical basis for green prevention and control in the cultivation of Dendrobium huoshanense.

关 键 词：霍山石斛 白绢病 炭疽病 分离鉴定 抑菌药剂 

分 类 号：S435.672[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]