环境风速对稀土电解槽温度场的影响  

Effect of Air Velocity on Temperature Field of Rare Earth Electrolytic Cell

作　　者：刘中兴[1] 王杨 何欣欣 董云芳[1] 伍永福[2,4] 王振峰 刘玉宝 LIU Zhong-xing;WANG Yang;HE Xin-xin;DONG Yun-fang;WU Yong-fu;WANG Zhen-feng;LIU Yu-bao(School of Materials and Metallurgy,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,China;School of Energy and Environment,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,China;State Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization,Baotou 014030,China;School of Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学材料与冶金学院,内蒙古包头014010 [2]内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院,内蒙古包头014010 [3]白云鄂博稀土资源研究与综合利用全国重点实验室,内蒙古包头014030 [4]东北大学冶金学院,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《稀土》2024年第5期72-79,I0005,共9页Chinese Rare Earths

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51964039);国家自然科学基金专项基金项目(51904069,51464041);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2018MS05009,2019BS05006);白云鄂博稀土资源研究与综合利用全国重点实验室开放研究项目(2021H2255)。

摘　　要：目前稀土熔盐电解基本都采用3 k A敞口槽型结构,该槽型结构实际生产过程温度场的变化受环境风速影响很大。本文以稀土电解槽上方空气流动速度作为变量,利用数值模拟方法研究了不同空气流速下熔盐液面与环境之间的换热系数,发现当流速达到0.935 m/s时(相当于1级风速),对流方式由自然对流向混合对流变化。使用Comsol软件建立电解槽物理模型与温度场数学模型,并以流速为变量研究了流速对电解槽温度场的影响,研究发现高于2 m/s或低于1.5 m/s的空气流速都不利于电解的进行,当空气流速处于1.5 m/s~2 m/s时,电解槽温度处于1050℃~1080℃之间利于电解;量化分析0~5 m/s的空气流速对温度场的影响,发现空气流速每增大0.5 m/s,电解槽温度整体下降4℃左右,此结果对于气体收集装置的速度控制提供了理论支持。Currently,most rare earth molten salt electrolysis uses a 3 kA open-top tank-type structure.The change of temperature field in the actual production process of this cell structure is greatly affected by the ambient wind speed.In this paper,the air flow velocity above the rare earth electrolytic cell is taken as a variable,the heat transfer coefficient between the molten salt liquid level and the environment under different air velocities is studied by numerical simulation.It is found that when the velocity reaches 0.935 m/s(equivalent to grade 1 wind speed),the convection mode changes from natural convection to mixed convection.The physical model and temperature field mathematical model of the electrolytic cell are established by Comsol software,and studied the influence of the velocity on the temperature field of the electrolysis cell by varying the velocity.It is found that the air velocity higher than 2 m/s or lower than 1.5 m/s is not conducive to the electrolysis.When the air velocity is 1.5 m/s^(2) m/s,the temperature of the electrolytic cell is between 1050℃and 1080℃,which is conducive to the electrolysis;The influence of air velocity of 0~5 m/s on the temperature field is quantitatively analyzed.It is found that with the increase of air velocity of 0.5 m/s,the overall temperature of electrolytic cell decreases by about 4℃.This result provides theoretical support for the speed control of gas collection device.

关 键 词：稀土电解槽 空气流速 温度场 数值模拟 热传导 

分 类 号：TF845[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]