广西某离子型稀土矿的选矿试验研究  

Experimental Study on Beneficiation of Ion-adsorbed Type Rare Earth Ore in Guangxi

作　　者：欧家才 彭陈亮 石晓明 郑嘉辉 OU Jia-cai;PENG Chen-liang;SHI Xiao-ming;ZHENG Jia-hui(Department of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China;Guangxi Mining Co.LTD.,China Minmetals Rare Earth Group Co.Ltd.,Nanning 530022,China;Department of Civil&Surveying and Mapping Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学资源与环境工程学院,江西赣州341000 [2]南宁稀有稀土矿业有限公司,广西南宁530022 [3]江西理工大学土木与测绘工程学院,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《稀土》2024年第5期125-135,I0006,共12页Chinese Rare Earths

基　　金：江西理工大学清江青年英才支持计划项目(JXUSTTQJYX2020009)。

摘　　要：根据广西某离子型稀土矿的矿石特征,对矿石样品进行工艺矿物学研究,并进行了浸出、除杂、沉淀、除杂渣回收稀土等选矿工艺试验研究。研究表明,硫酸铵浸矿剂浓度为2%、单耗为7 t/t及顶水固液比为0.45 m^(3)/m^(3)时,稀土浸出率可达99.3%。除杂pH控制在5.42,铝的去除率可达97.2%,稀土损失率为6.1%。碳酸氢铵单耗为2.6 t/t时,稀土沉淀率可达98%。最后将除杂渣用硫酸浸出以回收其中的稀土。根据稀土浸出率和水冶回收率,离子相稀土选矿回收率可达91.4%,超过原国土资源部对离子型稀土矿山选矿回收率大于90%的要求。最后提出推荐选矿工艺流程,对矿石工业利用性能进行评价,为本离子型稀土矿的矿床经济评价和矿山建设提供必要的试验依据。According to the mineralogical characteristics of an ion-adsorbed type rare earth ore in Guangxi,the process mineralogy of the ore samples was studied,and the beneficiation experiments of leaching,impurity removal,precipitation and recovery of rare earth from slag were carried out.The research results show that when the concentration of ammonium sulfate leaching agent is 2%,the unit consumption is 7/t and the solid-liquid ratio of washing water is 0.45 m^(3)/m^(3),the rare earth leaching rate can reach 99.3%.When the pH of impurity removal is controlled at 5.42,the removal rate of aluminum can reach 97.2%,and the loss rate of rare earth is 6.1%.When the unit consumption of ammonium bicarbonate is 2.6 t,the precipitation rate of rare earth can reach 98%.The slag after removing impurity is also treated with sulfuric acid to recover the rare earth.According to the leaching rate of rare earth and the recovery rate of hydrometallurgy,the recovery rate of ionic rare earth beneficiation can reach 91.4%,which exceeds the requirement of the former Ministry of Land and Resources for the recovery rate of ionic rare earth mines to be more than 90%.Finally,the recommended beneficiation process is put forward to evaluate the industrial utilization performance of the ore,which provides the necessary experimental basis for the economic evaluation and mine construction of the ion-adsorbed type rare earth ore。

关 键 词：离子型稀土 选矿试验 回收率 矿石利用性能 选矿工艺流程 

分 类 号：TD865[矿业工程—金属矿开采]