2014—2023年新疆和田地区鼠疫监测分析  

Analysis of plague surveillance in Hotan prefecture of Xinjiangfrom 2014 to 2023

作　　者：玉苏普·图如普 麦迪娜·肖开提[2,3] 图妮莎古丽·阿布都外力 阿布来提·太来提 古丽阿依·包开西 王启果[2,3] Yusupu TURUPU;Maidina XIAOKAITI;Tunishaguli ABUDUWAILI;Abulaiti TAILAITI;Guliayi BAOKAIXI;WANG Qi-guo(Department of Plague Prevention and Control,The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hotan Prefecture,Hotan,Xinjiang 848000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]新疆和田地区疾病预防控制中心鼠疫防治科,新疆和田848000 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心应急处置与鼠疫防治所,乌鲁木齐830002 [3]新疆病媒传染病重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2024年第5期7-10,共4页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2021D01C126);新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心青年科研基金资助项目(202001)。

摘　　要：目的了解新疆和田地区喜马拉雅旱獭鼠疫疫源地动物鼠疫流行情况,为制定鼠疫防控策略提供科学依据。方法收集整理2014—2023年新疆和田地区鼠疫监测数据,采用描述流行病学方法分析宿主和媒介蚤类监测结果,以及血清学和病原学检测结果。结果2014—2023年新疆和田地区喀什塔什鼠疫疫源地喜马拉雅旱獭定点法和路线法平均密度分别为1.72只/hm^(2)和0.74只/hm^(2),染蚤率为19.11%,平均蚤指数0.62;检测活旱獭血清1211份,鼠疫F1抗体阳性2份、阳性率0.17%;检测自毙旱獭材料227份,鼠疫F1抗原阳性13份、阳性率5.73%。结论和田地区喜马拉雅旱獭鼠疫疫源地动物间鼠疫持续流行,鼠疫传播风险持续存在;应继续加强联防联控,做好动物鼠疫监测,及时开展鼠疫风险评估及处置动物鼠疫疫情,防止人间鼠疫发生。Objective To investigate the epidemic situation of animal plague in marmota himalayana plague foci in Hotan prefecture of Xinjiang,and provide scientific basis for formulating plague prevention and control strategies.Methods The data of marmota himalayana plague surveillance were collected and processed in Hotan prefecture of Xinjiang from 2014 to 2023,and descriptive epidemiological methods were used for analyzing the data of surveillance of host animal,vector fleas,serological and pathogenic results.Results From 2014 to 2023,the average density of marmota himalayana by fixed point and route method was 1.72/hm^(2)and 0.74/hm^(2),respectively in the Kashtashi plague foci in Hotan prefecture.The flea infesting rate was 19.11%,and the average flea index was 0.62.Totally 1211 serum samples of living marmota himalayana were detected,and 2 samples were anti-F1 positive,with positive rate of 0.17%.The samples of 227 self-dead marmota himalayana were detected,and 13 samples were F1 antigen of plague positive,with the positive rate of 5.73%.Conclusions The epidemic of marmota himalayana plague keeps prevalence among the animals in marmota himalayana plague foci in Hotan prefecture.The risk of plague transmission exists persistently.The joint prevention and control should be persistently strengthened,and the surveillance of animal plague should be done well.The risk assessment of plague should be carried out and the epidemic of plague among animals should be disposed in time to prevent the occurrence of human plague.

关 键 词：鼠疫 喜马拉雅旱獭 密度 染蚤率 

分 类 号：R516.8[医药卫生—内科学]