兆瓦级高速永磁同步电机偏心状态下电机性能及转子振动特性分析  

Analysis of rotor vibration characteristics of megawatt high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor under eccentric state

作　　者：谢颖[1] 杨艳会 蔡蔚 李道璐 王泽兵 张燚 XIE Ying;YANG Yanhui;CAI Wei;LI Daolu;WANG Zebing;ZHANG Yi(School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Harbin University of Science and Technology,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨理工大学电气与电子工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《电机与控制学报》2024年第9期81-94,共14页Electric Machines and Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金重点支持项目(U21A20145);国家自然科学基金(51977052);黑龙江省自然科学基金重点项目(ZD2022E006)。

摘　　要：在电机运行过程中,气隙偏心是一种常见的故障状态,会危害到电机的安全可靠运行,而该问题在大容量高速永磁同步电机中更为严重。因此,本文以一台兆瓦级高速永磁同步电动机为例,研究了气隙偏心对电机电磁性能以及其引发的不平衡磁拉力对转子振动特性的影响。首先,推导了静、动以及混合偏心状态下的不平衡磁拉力表达式。然后,建立了各偏心状态下的电机有限元模型,定量分析了不同偏心程度所引发的不平衡磁拉力变化情况。在此基础上,计算了电机转子系统的动力响应,详细讨论了各种偏心对转子系统轴心轨迹和电磁性能的影响。结果表明,不同偏心状态下不平衡磁拉力存在明显差异,在混合偏心时动偏心会削弱静偏心对转子振动的影响,偏心将增加气隙磁密的偶次谐波且增大转矩脉动。During motor operation,air-gap eccentricity is a common fault situation,which will endanger the safe and reliable operation of the motor,and the problem is more serious in the high-power high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor.Therefore,the effects of air-gap eccentricity on electromagnetic performance of the motor and unbalanced magnetic pull(UMP)due to air-gap eccentricity on vibration characteristics of the rotor were studied.Firstly,the formulas of unbalanced magnetic tension in static,dynamic and mixed eccentricity were deduced.Then the finite element model of the motor under each eccentricity situation were established,and the variations of the UMP caused by different eccentricities were quantitatively analyzed.On this basis,the dynamic response of the motor rotor system was calculated,and the influence of various eccentricities on the axis locus of the rotor system and electromagnetic performance of the motor were discussed in detail.The results show that there are obvious differences in UMP under different eccentricity situations.Dynamic eccentricity will reduce the influence of static eccentricity on rotor vibration during mixed eccentricity.Eccentricity will increase even harmonics of airgap flux density and torque ripple.

关 键 词：高速永磁电机 气隙偏心 不平衡磁拉力 振动特性 电磁性能 轴心轨迹 

分 类 号：TM355[电气工程—电机]