矿用单元式液压支架立柱“井”形防冲吸能构件特性分析  

Analysis of the characteristics of the“well”shaped anti-impact energy-absorbing component in unit-type hydraulic support columns for mining

作　　者：郝志勇[1] 陶鹏 黄进 HAO Zhiyong;TAO Peng;HUANG Jin(School of Mechanical Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学机械工程学院,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2024年第11期4180-4193,共14页Journal of Safety and Environment

摘　　要：为了解决目前煤矿井下巷道支护设备和支护材料在冲击地压作用下发生损坏破坏和失效的问题,设计研发了一种新型多肋板吸能构件。首先,根据防冲支架吸能构件的作用原理,明确了吸能构件的设计要求,提出了一种多肋板型吸能构件,对吸能构件的构型和截面形状展开了结构设计,给出了多肋板型吸能构件尺寸图与三维模型图;基于简化的超折叠单元理论剖析了“井”形管的能量耗散途径,推导出了“井”形管的平均支反力预测公式;其次,采用数值模拟方法对多肋板型吸能构件吸能特性展开了仿真研究,并探究了肋板厚度和不同材料对多肋板型吸能构件的吸能性能的影响,得出了肋板厚度和材料显著影响吸能性能的结论。最后,利用MATLAB的遗传算法进行了优化,利用参数优化结果,重新设计了多肋板型吸能构件,并进行了仿真试验,将仿真试验与压溃试验的结果进行对比分析。分析表明,遗传算法迭代的多肋板型吸能构件具有较好的能量吸收参数,在平台阶段支撑反力的波动较小,能量吸收过程相对稳定,能有效达到能量吸收的效果。To address the existing issues of damage and failure in underground coal mine tunnel support equipment and materials under impact pressure,a new multi-ribbed plate energy-absorbing component has been designed and developed.First,based on the operational principles of the impact support's energy-absorbing member,the design requirements for this component are established.A multi-ribbed plate-type energy-absorbing member is proposed,followed by a structural design that focuses on its configuration and cross-sectional shape.Dimensional and three-dimensional model diagrams of the multi-ribbed plate-type energy-absorbing component are presented.Additionally,the energy dissipation pathway of the"well"shaped tube is analyzed using the theory of simplified super-folding units.Utilizing the simplified super-folded cell theory,the energy dissipation pathway of the"well"shaped tube is analyzed,and a predictive formula for the average support reaction force of the"well"shaped tube is derived.Secondly,the energy absorption characteristics of the multi-ribbed plate energy-absorbing components are simulated using numerical methods.The effects of ribbed plate thickness and various materials on the energy-absorbing performance of these components are investigated.The results indicate that both the thickness of the ribbed plate and the choice of materials significantly influence energy-absorbing performance.It is concluded that rib thickness and material have a significant impact on energy absorption performance.Finally,a genetic algorithm in MATLAB was employed for optimization,leading to a redesign of the multi-ribbed plate-type energy-absorbing member based on the optimized parameters.A comparison between simulation tests and crush tests demonstrated that the multi-ribbed plate energy-absorbing component optimized using the genetic algorithm exhibited superior energy-absorbing characteristics.The fluctuation of the support reaction force during the platform stage was minimal,resulting in a relatively stable energy-absorbing proc

关 键 词：安全工程 冲击地压 防冲液压支架 多肋板式吸能构件 防冲性能 

分 类 号：X931[环境科学与工程—安全科学]