纳米复合抑爆粉体抑制甲烷煤尘混合爆炸动力学机理研究  

Study on the dynamic mechanism of nanocomposite explosion suppression powder in mitigating the combined explosion of methane and coal dust

作　　者：张延松 徐畅 秦江 牛艳杰 黄钰雄 张新燕 ZHANG Yansong;XU Chang;QIN Jiang;NIU Yanjie;HUANG Yuxiong;ZHANG Xinyan(School of Safety and Environmental Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,Shandong,China;Mine Disaster Prevention and Control-Ministry of State Key Laboratory Breeding Base,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,Shandong,China;Qingdao Intelligent Control Engineering Center for Production Safety Fire Accident,Qingdao 266590,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学安全与环境工程学院,山东青岛266590 [2]山东科技大学矿山灾害预防控制省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,山东青岛266590 [3]青岛市生产安全火灾事故智能控制工程中心,山东青岛266590

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2024年第11期4296-4305,共10页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51974179)。

摘　　要：为寻求高效的甲烷煤尘混合爆炸抑爆手段,对草酸钾-蒙脱石纳米复合抑爆粉体(Potassium Oxalate-Montmorillonite,OA-MMT)抑制甲烷煤尘混合爆炸机理开展了研究。通过红外光谱法研究OA-MMT对甲烷煤尘热氧化产物分布的影响,通过试验对OA-MMT的抑制性能进行研究,通过草酸钾抑制动力学模型揭示抑爆机理。结果表明,在OA-MMT干预下甲烷煤尘热解氧化气体产物CO_(2)体积分数明显提高,可燃气体的生成受到抑制,同时热解氧化固体产物在特征峰区域的官能团含量有所增加。在OA-MMT干预下甲烷煤尘混合爆炸的(dp/dt)_(m)显著降低,压力时间特征参数显著延迟。OA-MMT通过促进含钾基团之间的转换降低甲醛甲基氧化等放热反应的敏感性,从而抑制爆炸温度的升高,并且消耗维系爆炸链式反应的关键自由基H和OH。To identify effective methods for suppressing methane-coal dust explosions,we employed ion exchange modification and liquid phase precipitation techniques to prepare a Potassium Oxalate-Montmorillonite(OA-MMT)composite explosion suppression powder with synergistic physicochemical effects.We developed a model to elucidate the suppression mechanism of methane-coal dust explosions by examining explosion overpressure characteristics,pyrolysis kinetics,and the dynamic evolution of reaction kinetics under the influence of the OA-MMT composite powder.Utilizing a high-temperature tubular pyrolysis furnace system,along with gas chromatography and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR),we systematically analyzed the impact of the composite suppression powder on the distribution of thermo-oxidative products in the methane-coal dust coexistence system.We conducted explosion overpressure experiments using an enhanced 20 L explosion test system to investigate the effects of the composite suppression powder on the methane-coal dust coexistence system.The suppression mechanism was elucidated through a potassium oxalate inhibition kinetics model.Simultaneously,in the pyrolyzed oxidized solid products,the concentration of functional groups in the characteristic peak regions corresponding to hydroxyl groups,aliphatic hydrocarbons,oxygen-containing functional groups,and aromatic hydrocarbons increases.As a result,the oxidation capacity of coal is reduced,inhibiting its oxidation process.The results indicated that,under the influence of OA-MMT,the concentration of CO_(2)in the pyrolytic oxidative gas products of the methane-coal dust system significantly increased,while the generation of combustible gases was inhibited.Furthermore,the concentration of functional groups in the characteristic peak region of the pyrolytic oxidative solid products also showed an increase.The(dp/dt)_(m)of the methane-coal dust mixed explosion significantly decreased,and the pressure-time characteristic parameters were notably delayed.OA-MMT reduces

关 键 词：安全工程 甲烷煤尘爆炸 爆炸超压 产物分布 基元反应 抑爆机理 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]