量子混淆研究综述  

Overview on Quantum Obfuscation Research

作　　者：尚涛 张辰逸 刘建伟 张源境 唐瑶 蒋亚卓 SHANG Tao;ZHANG Chen-Yi;LIU Jian-Wei;ZHANG Yuan-Jing;TANG Yao;JIANG Ya-Zhuo(School of Cyber Science and Technology,Beihang University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学网络空间安全学院,北京100083

出　　处：《密码学报（中英文）》2024年第5期963-990,共28页Journal of Cryptologic Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61971021,62471020);河北省重点研发计划(22340701D);中国高校产学研创新基金-北创助教二期(2021BCA0200)。

摘　　要：随着量子计算的快速发展,量子电路的逻辑日渐复杂且规模愈发庞大,曾被认为是遥不可及的量子电路信息保护问题正逐步成为现实的威胁.作为经典混淆理论的衍生,量子混淆理论结合经典混淆与量子计算,是在量子环境下量子电路信息保护的强大工具,近年来得到重视并发展迅速.量子混淆可以在不改变量子电路功能的前提下对量子电路的信息进行隐藏,从而实现功能保持性,能够有效抵抗逆向工程攻击,可以解决量子环境下的安全外包计算与版权保护问题.鉴于量子混淆理论及其应用意义,本文从经典混淆的定义和研究现状入手,介绍各类经典混淆的研究思路,然后对量子混淆的定义、模型、安全性作系统性归纳,对其可实现的量子密码学原语和应用方案进行分析.最后总结量子混淆理论面临的挑战,对未来研究方向和应用场景进行展望.With the rapid advancement of quantum computing,the complexity and scale of quantum circuits are steadily increasing.What was once deemed an unreachable goal,the protection of information within quantum circuits,is now gradually becoming a tangible threat.As a derivative of classical obfuscation theory,quantum obfuscation theory combines classical obfuscation and quantum computing.Serving as a potent tool for safeguarding information in quantum circuits within the quantum environment,quantum obfuscation has garnered significant attention and witnessed rapid growth in recent years.Quantum obfuscation can conceal the information of quantum circuits without altering their functionality,thus realizing function preservation.It proves effective against reverse engineering attacks and offers solutions to secure outsourced computing and copyright protection issues in the quantum environment.Considering the significance of quantum obfuscation theory and its applications,this study commences by elucidating the definition and current research status of classical obfuscation.Subsequently,the study systematically summarizes the definition,model,and security aspects of quantum obfuscation,along with analyzing its realizable quantum cryptography primitives and application schemes.Finally,this study summarizes the challenges faced by quantum obfuscation theory and points out the future research directions and application scenarios.

关 键 词：混淆 量子计算 量子密码学 量子混淆 功能保持性 

分 类 号：TP309.7[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]