叶片不同切割形状对离心泵各项性能的影响  

Influence of different blade cutting shapes on performance of centrifugal pump

作　　者：颜林 宋文武[1,2] YAN Lin;SONG Wenwu(Key Laboratory of Fluid and Power Machinery,Ministry of Education,Xihua University,Chengdu 610039,China;School of Energy and Power Engineering,Xihua University,Chengdu 610039,China)

机构地区：[1]西华大学流体及动力机械教育部重点实验室,四川成都610039 [2]西华大学能源与动力工程学院,四川成都610039

出　　处：《机电工程》2024年第11期2106-2118,共13页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：四川省科技厅科技计划项目(2016JY0187)。

摘　　要：离心泵叶片直接影响离心泵的效率与使用寿命,因此,对叶片形状进行研究具有重要意义。对离心泵叶片出口边进行单一切割以改变离心泵性能,在此基础上,对叶片前缘、尾缘进行了双向切割,研究了不同切割形状对离心泵各项性能的影响。首先,以一台n_(s)=73的离心泵作为研究对象,使用UG软件进行了离心泵三维建模与叶片切割(切割出了24种叶片模型);然后,使用ICEM软件划分了网格,选用标准k-ε湍流模型作为计算模型,在离心泵叶片与蜗壳隔舌处设置了监测点;最后,采用ANSYS CFX软件,对无切割和切割后的模型进行了离心泵数值模拟计算,得到了离心泵在0.6Q_(d)~1.4Q_(d)工况下的外特性曲线;在外特性良好的前提下,研究了其内部流动结构、压力脉动特性,以及湍动能分布。研究结果表明:在1.0Q_(d)设计工况下,切割后的模型较无切割模型的效率均提升了4%左右,对称切割的模型中前缘为椭圆、尾缘为钝形的模型7的效率提升最高,提升了4.8%,非对称切割前缘为圆形、尾缘为背面半切割的模型14效率提升了5.4%;无切割模型内部流线紊乱且内部相对速度高的区域较多,非对称切割的模型14叶轮内部流线分布均匀且相对速度值和分布区域减小;相对于无切割模型,切割后的模型内部压力升高,对称切割的模型7压力脉动减小了10%,而非对称切割的模型14压力脉动强度增加了近30%;切割后的模型湍动能分布明显改善,尾缘处湍动能值减小,对称切割的模型7湍动能随时间变化而变化不大,表现更稳定。综合不同切割模型的外特性及稳定性表现可知,将前缘切割为椭圆、尾缘切割为钝形,能有效提升离心泵的性能。The blade of centrifugal pump directly affects the efficiency and service life of centrifugal pump,so it is of great significance to study the blade shape.On the basis of single cutting at the outlet edge of the centrifugal pump blade to change the performance of the centrifugal pump,bi-directional cutting was carried out on the leading and trailing edges of the blade,and the influence of different cutting shapes on the various performance of the centrifugal pump was studied.Firstly,a centrifugal pump with n_(s)=73 was taken as the research object,and UG software was used for 3D modeling and blade cutting of the centrifugal pump,resulting in 24 types of blade models being cut.Then,ICEM software was used to partition the grid,and the standard k-εturbulence model was selected as the calculation model.Monitoring points were set up at the tongue between the centrifugal pump blades and the volute.Finally,ANSYS CFX software was used to numerically simulate the centrifugal pump without cutting and after cutting,and the external characteristic curves of the centrifugal pump under 0.6Q_(d)~1.4Q_(d) operating conditions were obtained.Under the premise of good external characteristics,the internal flow structure,pressure pulsation characteristics,and turbulent kinetic energy distribution were further studied.The research results show that under the design condition of 1.0Q_(d),the efficiency of the model after cutting is improved by about 4%compared to the model without cutting.In the model with symmetrical cutting,the model 7 with elliptical leading edge and blunt trailing edge has the highest improvement of 4.8%,while the model 14 with asymmetric cutting leading edge and circular trailing edge and back half cutting has an efficiency improvement of 5.4%.The internal streamline of the non-cutting model is disordered and there are many high relative velocity zones inside.The asymmetric cutting model 14 has a uniform distribution of internal streamline in the impeller,and the relative velocity values and distribution areas a

关 键 词：离心泵叶片形状 叶片前缘、尾缘双向切割 外特性分析 内部流动结构 压力脉动规律 湍动能分布 计算流体力学数值模拟计算 

分 类 号：TH311[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]