论清代热河文庙祭祀礼仪的夏都特色  

On the Characteristics of the Summer Capital in the Sacrificial Rites of the Jehol Confucian Temple in Qing Dynasty

作　　者：马林莹 MA Lin-ying(Ancient Agriculture Literatures Special Work Department of China Agricultural Museum,Bejing 100026,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业博物馆古农书专项工作办公室,北京100026

出　　处：《河北民族师范学院学报》2024年第4期11-20,共10页Journal Of Hebei Minzu Normal University

摘　　要：热河文庙是清廷于乾隆四十四年在满蒙汉杂处的热河地方建成的宣扬儒家文化的重要场所。虽地处长城之外,但因位于清朝夏都而倍显地位尊崇。其龛案陈设、神牌位次、供器祭器、祭品乐舞、瞻礼官员品级等多种祭祀礼仪规制兼具中央和地方的双重色彩。不仅乾隆皇帝亲诣热河文庙行首个释奠礼,乾隆、嘉庆、咸丰诸帝还连续多年亲至热河文庙瞻礼。这种带有浓郁夏都特色的祭祀礼仪直接促使热河文庙走向繁荣,既促进了文化教育发展,还增强了儒家文化圈的向心力。The Jehol Confucian Temple,built by the Qing Court in the 44th year of Qianlong in the Jehol area where Manchu,Mongolian and Han nationality were mixed,was an important place to publize confucian culture.Although it was located outside the Great Wall,the Jehol Confucian Temple was revered for its location as the summer capital of the Qing Dynasty.A variety of sacrificial ritual regulations in the Jehol Confucian Temple,such as the display of niche,the ranking of the sacred tablets,the sacrificial offerings,the music and dance of the sacrificial offerings,and the rank of the officials,has the dual color of central and local.Not only did the Qianlong emperor personally attained the first Shidian ceremony in the Jehol Confucian Temple,but Qianlong,Jiaqing and Xianfeng also personally visited the Jehol Confucian Temple for many years.This sacrificial ritual with strong summer capital characteristics directly promoted the prosperity of the Jehol Confucian Temple,not only promoted the development of cultural education,but also enhanced the centrality of the Confucian cultural circle.

关 键 词：清代 热河文庙 祭祀礼仪 夏都特色 

分 类 号：K249.3[历史地理—历史学]