浅析春秋战国间筑堤理念的转变  

A Brief Analysis of the Transformation of Embankment Construction Concept between the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period

作　　者：车越达 CHE Yue-da(School of History and Culture,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学历史文化学院,天津300387

出　　处：《河北民族师范学院学报》2024年第4期88-94,共7页Journal Of Hebei Minzu Normal University

摘　　要：水患从古至今一直严重威胁着我国的农业生产和人民生命财产安全,而筑堤是一种直接有效的防治方法。战国中期以前,人们普遍持反对筑堤的理念。大禹治水传说表达的就是筑堤失败、疏导有效;“川壅而溃”是被广泛应用于劝谏的一个比喻;不筑堤被写入春秋列国公约,要求各国共同遵守。到战国中期,反对筑堤的理念发生转变。齐、赵、魏等国纷纷大规模筑堤;成书于战国时期的《管子》记载了大量的筑堤经验;出现白圭等筑堤专家。影响理念转变的重要因素包括:周王室衰微、秩序失衡导致各国自利;诸侯国争相发展带来土地紧张;筑堤技术的提升、实用化思想的兴盛减小了筑堤的阻力;上游生态环境破坏、气温升高降水增多和战争破坏导致水文情况恶化等。Since ancient times,flood has been a serious threat to China's agricultural production and the safety of people's lives,and embankment is a direct and effective method to control it.Before the middle of the Warring States period,people generally held the idea of opposing the construction of embankments.The legend of Dayu's flood control indicates the failure of embankment construction and the effectiveness of dredging."The river collapsed because of the blockage"is often used as a metaphor in exhortation.No construct embankment is even written in the international convention of the Spring and Autumn period,which needs to be abided by all countries.In the Warring States period,the thought of opposing embankment construction changed.Qi,Zhao,Wei and other states constructed embankment on a large scale.Written in the Warring States period,Guanzi contains a lot of experience in embankment construction.There are also embankment experts such as Bai Gui.The decline of the Zhou royal family,the self-interest of countries caused by the imbalance of the international order,the land tension caused by the competing development of states,and the improvement of embankment construction technology and the prosperity of pragmatism that reduce the resistance of building embankments,the deterioration of the hydrological situation caused by the damage of the upstream ecological environment,and the increase of temperature and precipitation and the wars are all important reasons for this ideological change.

关 键 词：春秋 战国 筑堤 理念转变 

分 类 号：K22[历史地理—历史学]