免费义务教育是否缩小了城乡人力资本积累差异  

Does Free Compulsory Education Reduce the Urban‑rural Gap of Human Capital Accumulation

作　　者：黄维[1] 钟杲桦 邓海雄 Huang Wei;Zhong Gaohua;Deng Haixiong(School of Economics and Management,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha,Hunan 410114,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学经济与管理学院,湖南长沙410114

出　　处：《长沙理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期56-65,共10页Journal of Changsha University of Science and Technology：Social Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(22BJY043)。

摘　　要：文章基于中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据库,采用免费义务教育这一外生政策变量,利用双重差分法探索免费义务教育在城乡人力资本中的差异性作用。研究发现:免费义务教育政策可以显著缩小城乡个体的受教育年限、认知能力和健康等方面的差距,但无法缩小城乡个体非认知能力差距。该结论经过多项检验后依然成立。异质性分析结果表明,该政策在中社会地位家庭和中部地区取得的效果最佳。Based on the CGSS(Chinese General Social Survey)database and using the Difference‑in‑Differences(DID)method,this paper examines the differential impact of the free compulsory education as an exogenous policy variable on the gap between urban and rural human capital accumulation.The results shows that the free compulsory education policy can significantly reduce the gap between urban and rural individuals in terms of schooling years,cognitive ability and health,but it fails to narrow the gap between urban and rural individuals in non‑cognitive ability,which remains valid after a number of tests.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the policy exerts its most positive effect in the middle social status households and the central regions in China.

关 键 词：免费义务教育 资助 人力资本积累 城乡差异 

分 类 号：F08[经济管理—政治经济学]