浊度对长牡蛎摄食、代谢及酶活性的影响  

Effects of Turbidity on Feeding,Metabolism and Related Enzyme Activity of Crassostrea Gigas

作　　者：曹博雄 高世科 孙宁 伏光辉 CAO Boxiong;GAO Shike;SUN Ning;FU Guanghui(College of Marine Living Resource Sciences and Management,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai,201306,China;Peixian Agriculture and Rural Bureau,Peixian County,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221600,China;Lianyungang Marine and Fishery Development Promotion Center,Lianyungang,Jiangsu 222100,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋生物资源与管理学院,上海201306 [2]沛县农业农村局,江苏徐州221600 [3]连云港市海洋与渔业发展促进中心,江苏连云港222100

出　　处：《水产养殖》2024年第11期1-8,共8页Journal of Aquaculture

基　　金：江苏省自然资源发展专项资金(海洋科技创新)项目(JSZRHYKJ202111)。

摘　　要：开展了不同浊度(0.0、10.0、30.0、60.0、90.0 NTU)对长牡蛎的应激反应试验。设置急性环境因子影响2 h和持续环境因子影响48 h 2个试验组,测定长牡蛎的摄食率、耗氧率、排氨率、存活率及相关酶活性。结果表明,随浊度增加,显著抑制了长牡蛎的存活率、摄食率、个体摄食率、单位质量摄食率、耗氧率和排氨率,对2 h组的影响更为显著(P<0.05)。糖原及磷酸果糖激酶(PFK)、磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶(PEPCK)含量,随浊度升高呈下降趋势,但酶活性随胁迫时间延长有所增加,体现了长牡蛎的适应机制。糖原含量在12~196 h内多呈先降后升趋势,为47.63~128.72 mg/g,且浊度越高降幅越大;PEPCK活力总体随浊度增加呈现先上升后下降的趋势,为32.15~3150.7 U/g;PFK活力则先降后升,为4.5~31.5 U/mg。指出,在长牡蛎养殖和生境修复过程中,应关注水环境中浊度变化。Stress response tests were conducted on Crassostrea gigas under varying turbidity levels(0.0,10.0,30.0,60.0,and 90.0 NTU).Two experimental groups were established to assess the effects of acute environmental factors over a duration of 2 hours and persistent environmental factors for 48 hours.The feeding rate,oxygen consumption rate,ammonia excretion rate,survival rate,and associated enzyme activities of Crassostrea gigas were measured.Results indicated that as turbidity increased,there was a significant inhibition in the survival rate,feeding rate,individual feeding efficiency per unit mass,oxygen consumption rate,and ammonia emission rates of Crassostrea gigas,these effects were particularly pronounced in the group exposed for 2 hours(P<0.05).Glycogen content along with phosphofructokinase(PFK)and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase(PEPCK)levels decreased with increasing turbidity,however,enzyme activity exhibited an upward trend with prolonged stress exposure—reflecting the adaptive mechanisms employed by Crassostrea gigas.Notably,glycogen content initially declined before rising again within a range from 47.63 mg/g to 128.72 mg/g,higher turbidity correlated with greater initial decreases in glycogen levels.PEPCK activity increased first and then decreased with the increase of turbidity,ranging from 32.15 to 3150.7 U/g while PFK activity demonstrated an initial decrease followed by an increase within a range from 4.5 to 31.5 U/mg overall findings suggest that attention should be directed towards changes in water turbidity during production processes as well as culture and habitat restoration efforts involving Crassostrea gigas.

关 键 词：长牡蛎 浊度 摄食率 存活率 耗氧率 排氨率 酶活性 能量代谢 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]