水电站机组负荷降维优化分配中的时间尺度效应  

ime Scale Effect of Unit Load Allocation of Hydropower Station With Dimension Reduction Strategy

作　　者：郭爱军[1] 畅建霞[1] 杨世海 赵月欣 王义民[1] 房俊 GUO Aijun;CHANG Jianxia;YANG Shihai;ZHAO Yuexin;WANG Yimin;FANG Jun(State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region(Xi’an University of Technology),Xi’an 710048,Shaanxi Province,China;Huaneng Xizang YarlungZangbo River Hydropower Development Investment Co.,Ltd.,Lhasa 850000,Xizang Autonomous Region,China;State Grid Xizang Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Lhasa 850000,Xizang Autonomous Region,China)

机构地区：[1]省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室(西安理工大学),陕西省西安市710048 [2]华能西藏雅鲁藏布江水电开发投资有限公司,西藏自治区拉萨市850000 [3]国网西藏电力有限公司,西藏自治区拉萨市850000

出　　处：《电网技术》2024年第11期4456-4463,I0012,I0013,I0011,共11页Power System Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U2003204,U2243233,52379024)。

摘　　要：时间尺度是影响水电站负荷优化分配结果的重要因素。为探究时间尺度对水电站负荷分配的影响,研究论述了水电站调度中的时空尺度效应内涵及出现的原因,提出了包含发电耗水量、跨越振动区次数、机组启停次数、求解耗时等的尺度效应量化指标,并以ZM水电站为研究对象,基于水电站机组负荷优化分配模型,逐次递进分析了典型日考虑负荷过程随机性与负荷水平的水电站机组负荷优化分配尺度效应。结果表明:1)时间尺度越小更易捕捉负荷变化与水库运行过程,电站负荷优化分配的耗水量、机组启停与跨越振动区次数越大。时间尺度越大更易忽视或弱化机组启停以及跨越振动区等行为,产生潜在的安全运行风险。2)考虑负荷过程的随机性时,水电站负荷优化分配同样呈现尺度效应现象,但其影响程度与时间尺度大小影响相当。3)负荷水平越小或越大,不同时间尺度下电站机组运行方式变化较小,时间尺度效应越不显著;负荷水平居中时,时间尺度效应相对显著。研究结果可为水电站负荷优化分配的时间尺度选择以及模型降维求解算法提供科学依据。The time scale determines the results of unit load allocation of hydropower stations.This study first elaborates on the time and space scale effect to disclose the impact of the time scale effect on unit load allocation.It proposes quantitative indicators of the time scale effect,including water consumption,crossing vibration section times,unit startup and shutdown times,and computing efficiency.The ZM hydropower station was selected as a case study,and we performed a time scale effect analysis on a typical day,a typical day with random load fluctuation,and load allocation under different levels.Results indicate that(1)the finer time scale can better characterize the fluctuation of load and reservoir operation,which induces larger water consumption,times of crossing vibration section,and unit startup and shutdown.In contrast,the longer time scale makes it easy to overlook the unit action of crossing vibration section and unit startup and shutdown,which results in the latent risk to the hydropower station.(2)The time scale phenomenon doesn’t change with the load fluctuation.It is worth noting that the impact of load fluctuation is nearly equal to the time scale.(3)The time scale effect is relatively smaller under lower or higher load levels due to the fewer action times of unit operation than under medium load levels.Results can provide a reference for the time scale selection of unit load allocation of hydropower stations in both power scheduling formulation and dimension reduction algorithm development.

关 键 词：时间尺度效应 机组负荷优化分配 水电站短期经济调度 

分 类 号：TM721[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]