计及不确定风险和多主体协同的虚拟电厂参与主辅市场联合优化策略  

Joint Optimization for Virtual Power Plant Participating in Main and Auxiliary Markets Considering Uncertain Risks and Multi-agent Coordination

作　　者：李晓舟 秦文萍[1,2] 景祥 朱志龙 逯瑞鹏 韩肖清 LI Xiaozhou;QIN Wenping;JING Xiang;ZHU Zhilong;LU Ruipeng;HAN Xiaoqing(Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control(Taiyuan University of Technology),Taiyuan 030024,Shanxi Province,China;Key Laboratory of Cleaner Intelligent Control on Coal&Electricity(Taiyuan University of Technology),Ministry of Education,Taiyuan 030024,Shanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]电力系统运行与控制山西省重点实验室(太原理工大学),山西省太原市030024 [2]煤电清洁控制教育部重点实验室(太原理工大学),山西省太原市030024

出　　处：《电网技术》2024年第11期4553-4567,I0038,I0039,共17页Power System Technology

基　　金：(山西)区域创新发展联合基金项目(U21A600003)。

摘　　要：虚拟电厂(virtual power plant,VPP)可聚合多利益主体的分布式资源(distributed energy resources,DER)参与电力市场,以深入挖掘分布式能源的调度潜力,如何考虑各运行主体的协同调度,提高整体收益成为当前亟需解决的重要问题。基于此,提出了计及风光及市场电价不确定风险和多主体协同的虚拟电厂参与主辅市场联合优化策略。首先,建立电动汽车群体(electric vehicle duster,EVC)的可调度域评估模型,在此基础上考虑VPP与EVC两主体的利益均衡,提出VPP与EVC主从博弈的主能量市场日前竞标模型;其次,考虑电池储能系统(battery energy storage system,BESS)快速充放电的特性,进一步提出VPP参与主能量市场和辅助调频市场的日前联合投标模型和VPP实时调整及调频响应模型;最后,在日前联合投标模型中引入条件风险价值(condition value at risk,CVaR),衡量日前投标收益与不确定风险的关系。基于某省电力市场规则进行算例仿真表明,所提VPP优化策略能通过提供调频服务和鼓励EV响应调度提高VPP的综合收益。The virtual power plant(VPP)can aggregate the distributed energy resources(DER)from multiple agents to participate in the electricity markets,aiming to fully exploit the scheduling potential of the distributed energy sources.The challenge lies in how to achieve the coordinated scheduling among various operational entities to enhance overall revenue.In this context,this paper proposes a joint optimization strategy for VPP participation in the main and ancillary markets,considering the uncertainties in wind-solar power and market prices,as well as the multi-agent coordination.Firstly,an assessment model is established for the electric vehicle cluster(EVC)to determine its dispatchable domain.Building upon this,a master-slave game-based main energy market bidding model is put forward,considering the benefit equilibrium between the VPP and the EVC.Secondly,considering the fast response characteristics of the battery energy storage system(BESS),a joint day-ahead bidding model for VPP participation in the main energy market and the auxiliary frequency regulation market is further introduced,along with a real-time adjustment and frequency response model for the VPP.Last,the conditional value at risk(CVaR)is incorporated into the joint day-ahead bidding model to assess the relationship between the day-ahead bidding revenue and the uncertainty risk.Simulation results based on the electricity market rules of a certain province demonstrate that the proposed VPP optimization strategy is able to enhance the overall revenue by providing frequency regulation services and encouraging electric vehicle responsiveness to scheduling.

关 键 词：虚拟电厂 主辅市场 电动汽车群体 电池储能系统 主从博弈 条件风险价值 

分 类 号：TM721[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]