老年人跌倒风险评分的影响因素研究  

Study on influencing factors for falls risks score in the elderly

作　　者：方思航 刘迪智 贾春媛 高丹妮 孙亮[1] 朱小泉[1] 周起 杨泽[1] 徐薇[3] 吕渊[3] 庞国防[3] 胡才友[3] 原慧萍[1] Fang Sihang;Liu Dizhi;Jia Chunyuan;Gao Danni;Sun Liang;Zhu Xiaoquan;Zhou Qi;Yang Ze;Xu Wei;Lyu Yuan;Pang Guofang;Hu Caiyou;Yuan Huiping(The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics,Beijing Institute of Geriatrics,Institute of Geriatric Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission,Beijing 100730,China;The First Peoples Hospital of Yinchuan,Yinchuan 750003,China;Jiangbin Hospital of Guangzi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Nanning 530021,China)

机构地区：[1]北京医院、国家老年医学中心、国家卫生健康委北京老年医学研究所、国家卫生健康委老年医学重点实验室、中国医学科学院老年医学研究院,北京100730 [2]银川市第一人民医院,银川750003 [3]广西壮族自治区江滨医院,南宁530021

出　　处：《中华老年医学杂志》2024年第11期1481-1485,共5页Chinese Journal of Geriatrics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC2000400);国家自然科学基金(81870552、81400790)。

摘　　要：目的分析影响老年人跌倒风险评分的相关因素。方法在北京、广西南宁和宁夏银川3个地区通过随机整群抽样法收集4419名老年人口学特征和跌倒相关信息,跌倒风险评分部分使用老年人跌倒风险评分表,分析其与跌倒风险评分的相关性。结果与跌倒风险评分显著相关的因素包括:1年内跌倒史(β=—3.607,95%CI:-3.881~-3.332)、照料方式(β=2.442,95%CI:2.226~2.658)、是否运动(β=0.714,95%CI:0.443~0.986)、是否离退休(β=-0.585,95%CI:-0.819~-0.351)、年龄(β=0.173,95%CI:0.159~0.187)、是否使用助行器(β=-3.737,95%CI:-4.054~-3.421)。结论老年人的跌倒风险评分与多种因素相关,无1年内跌倒史、生活自理、有运动习惯仍在工作可能是使老年人跌倒风险评分降低的重要影响因素。Objective To investigate the factors influencing fall risk scores in elderly individuals.Methods A total of 4419 individuals were randomly selected using the cluster sampling method from Beijing,Nanning(Guangxi),and Yinchuan(Ningxia).Data on demographic characteristics and fall-related incidents were gathered and analyzed for their correlation with fall risk scores.Results The fall risk score showed significant associations with various factors,such as the history of falls within one year(β=-3.607,95%CI:-3.881 to-3.332),care methods(β=2.442,95%CI:2.226 to 2.658),exercise(β=0.714,95%CI:0.443 to 0.986),retirement(β=-0.585,95%CI:-0.819 to-0.351),age(β=0.173,95%CI:0.159 to 0.187),and use of walking aids(β=-3.737,95%CI:-4.054 to-3.421).Conclusions Fall risk scores in older adults are influenced by a variety of factors.Factors such as no history of falls within the past year,living independently,engaging in physical activity,and being employed may contribute to lower fall risk scores in older adults.

关 键 词：跌倒 危险因素 老年人 

分 类 号：R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]