平安中国建设背景下国家救灾物资保障体系的融合与迭代——基于应急警务效能提升的视角  

Integration and Iteration of the National Relief Material Security System in the Context of the Development of Safe China—— Based on the Perspective of Improving the Effectiveness of Emergency Policing

作　　者：朱晓文 张明亮 ZHU Xiaowen;ZHANG Mingliang

机构地区：[1]山东警察学院专业基础教研部 [2]中共山东省委党校应急管理培训部

出　　处：《浙江警察学院学报》2024年第5期36-47,共12页Journal of Zhejiang Police College

基　　金：山东警察学院人文社科研究项目“公安机关网络意识形态舆情引导研究”(YSKYB202112);山东省社会科学规划重大委托项目“疫情防控视角下我国治理体系和治理能力现代化研究”(20AWTJ01);山东省旅游和文化厅研究项目“数智时代基于PSR模型的国家文化安全风险防范研究”[24WL(Y)45]。

摘　　要：我国已积累较为丰富的重大突发事件应急处置经验,但国家救灾物资保障体系演进持续由重大突发事件推动,这与“风险综合体”社会发展之间的矛盾越发明显,即应急储备体系效能不足和储备模式落后于时代要求。为补齐国家应急储备体系存在的短板,应采取建立应急管理委员会等策略。在“以防万一”的储备型模式逐渐被“正好及时”的采购型模式取代的大背景下,应适时建立国家应急采购体系,并以“应急生产能力储备”+“应急采购”的组合策略来保持救灾物资应急采购供应链的弹性。为保证国家救灾物资保障体系高效运行,公安机关应急警务应注重:积极推进完善重大突发事件中的执法依据;强化警务人员应急救援与保障的专业能力训练,建立便于协同作战的救灾物资存储管理机制,以及建立突发事件省际交通管理应急协调机制,以“专业+机制+大数据”新型警务运行模式提升公安机关新质应急战斗力;推进重大突发事件下农村社区的警力覆盖,从而进一步发挥公安机关在平安中国建设中的重要作用。China has accumulated rich experience in dealing with major emergencies,but the evolution of the national disaster relief material support system continues to be driven by major emergencies,which is increasingly contradictory with the social development of""risk complex",that is,the efficiency of the emergency reserve system is insufficient and the reserve mode lags behind the requirements of the times.In order to compensate for the shortcomings of the national emergency reserve system,countermeasures such as the early establishment of an emergency management commitee are proposed.Presently,the"just in case"reserve mode is gradually being replaced by the"just in time"procurement mode.In this historical context,it is proposed to establish the national emergency procurement system in a timely manner.In order to maintain the elasticity of the supply chain of emergency procurement of disaster relief materials,the combined strategy of"emergency production capacity reserve"+"emergency procurement"is proposed.In order to ensure the efficient operation of the national disaster relief material support system,the emergency policing of public security organs should pay attention to:actively promote and improve the law enforcement basis in major emergencies;strengthen the professional training of police personnel in emergency rescue and relief,establish a disaster relief material storage and management mechanism to facilitate coordinated operations,and establish an emergency coordination mechanism for inter-provincial traffic management in emergencies,and enhance the new quality emergency combat capabilities of public security organs with the new policing operation mode of"professionalism+mechanism+big data";pay attention to the police coverage of rural communities in major emergencies,so as to further play the important role of public security organs in building a secure China.

关 键 词：重大突发事件 救灾物资保障 国家应急储备体系 国家应急采购体系 应急警务 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学] D631[政治法律—中外政治制度]