基于价值链、供应链的美国芯片技术联盟组合及中国应对之策  

U.S.Chip Technology Alliance Portfolio Based on the Value Chain and Supply Chain and China's Countermeasures

作　　者：周晓明[1] 林敏敏 Zhou Xiaoming;Lin Minmin(Academy of International Law and Global Governance,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430000,China;School of Political Science&Public Administration,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学国际法治研究院,湖北武汉430000 [2]武汉大学政治与公共管理学院,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《创新科技》2024年第11期83-92,F0002,共11页Innovation science and technology

摘　　要：半导体芯片技术是当前中美科技竞争的重点领域。通过构建基于芯片价值链和供应链的联盟组合框架,分析美国在这一领域的联盟策略,发现芯片技术价值链和供应链的高度复杂性促使美国的技术联盟策略由单一的双边或多边联盟转向兼顾价值创造和供应顺畅的联盟组合。尽管联盟组合相较于单一的战略联盟更具统合性,但结构维度的地位竞争和结构洞争夺以及主体维度的认知差异都将削弱盟友与美国的合作动力。加深对美国芯片技术联盟组合的理解,能够为我国从结构维度和主体维度应对与反制美国的技术遏制及产业围堵提供启示。Semiconductor chip technology is a focal point in the current U.S.-China techno-logical competition.Due to the high complexity of the chip technology value chain and supply chain,the United States has changed its technological alliance strategy from singular bilateral or multilateral alliances to an alliance portfolio that targets the entire chip value chain and supply chain.This approach aims to form a comprehensive ecosystem to hinder China's development in semiconductor chip technology.The core objective of this study is to explore how the United States leverages its technological advantage in chip design and manufacturing equipment to es-tablish a multi-layered,multi-dimensional alliance portfolio.This research analyzes U.S.chip alliances from structural and subjective dimensions by utilizing a framework of alliance portfo-lios and employing comparative and case analysis methods.The U.S.horizontal value chain alli-ances(such as CHIP4 and SEEC)unite countries and regions with technological strengths in high value-added segments of chip production,thereby maintaining U.S.leadership in chip de-sign and manufacturing equipment.Meanwhile,vertical supply chain alliances(such as QUAD,MSP,IPEF,and TTC)ensure the stability and security of the U.S.chip supply chain by integrat-ing key material-producing countries and downstream market nations.While these alliance port-folios bolster U.S.dominance in the global chip industry chain,internal structural competition,diverging interests,and varying perceptions among allies regarding China's technological rise hinder seamless cooperation within the U.S.alliance network.This study provides strategic in-sights for China in countering U.S.chip technology alliance portfolios.From a structural perspec-tive,China can capitalize on its comparative advantages in the chip value chain and supply chain nodes,particularly in assembly,testing,and raw material supply.By strengthening coop-eration with countries involved in the global chip supply chain,especially those in resource-rich regi

关 键 词：联盟组合 芯片技术 芯片价值链 芯片供应链 中美科技竞争 

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