基于直线返波型加速管的大功率辐照加速器研制  

Development of A High-Power Irradiation Accelerator Based on A Linear Backward-Travelling-Wave Tube

作　　者：史浩 施嘉儒[2] 刘耀红 刘晋升 张亮 查皓 陈怀璧[2] 韩志伟 贾玮 郭立云 SHI Hao;SHI Jiaru;LIU Yaohong;LIU Jinsheng;ZHANG Liang;ZHA Hao;CHEN Huaibi;HAN Zhiwei;JIA Wei;GUO Liyun(Tongwei Xinda Technology(Jiangsu)Co.,LTD.,Changzhou,Jiangsu Province 213200,China;Department of Engineering Physics,Tsinghua University;Nuctech Technology Co.,LTD.,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]同威信达技术(江苏)股份有限公司,江苏常州213200 [2]清华大学工程物理系 [3]同方威视技术股份有限公司,北京100084

出　　处：《现代应用物理》2024年第5期72-80,共9页Modern Applied Physics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2023YFC2604600)。

摘　　要：针对产业的快速发展及用户端对辐照加速器提高单位产能、节约成本、丰富功能性等方面的迫切需求,研制一款新型高功率、高效率且电子束可调的电子辐照加速器系统。首先引入了等梯度返波管的设计概念,对缩短建场时间、降低功率反射和提升加速结构分流阻抗以及解决束流崩溃问题进行了探索和研究,采用了HFSS对返波加速管进行了3维电磁场仿真,并制造了加速管实物。大功率固态调制器采用Marx发生器形式,采用零电流开关(zero current switch,ZCS)充电,结合FPGA控制绝缘栅双极晶体管(insulate-gate bipolar transistor,IGBT)形成脉冲高压。最终以返波加速管为核心,匹配微波系统、扫描系统、固态脉冲调制器系统等,完成了辐照加速器系统的研制。测试结果表明,系统能量为10.28 MeV,一般工况的功率为24.672 kW,最大功率为28.4 kW,满足设计要求。直线返波加速管配合大功率固态调制器研制的辐照加速器系统技术方案可行,形成的产品实现应用,为电子束辐照技术的发展提供了有力的支撑。Driven by the rapid growth of the electron beam irradiation processing industry and increasing user demands for higher unit production capacity,lower costs,and enhanced functionality,a novel high-power,high-efficiency electron irradiation accelerator system with adjustable electron beams is developed.Firstly,the design concept of equal-gradient backward wave tube is introduced,and shortening the field building time,reducing the power reflection and improving the shunt impedance of the accelerating structure,and solving the beam collapse are explored and investigated.HFSS three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation design is adopted,and the acceleration tube is manufactured.A high-power solid-state modulator based on a Marx generator with zero-current switching(ZCS)charging and FPGA-controlled IGBTs for pulse high voltage generation is developed.The complete system integrates the backward-wave oscillator,microwave system,scanning system,and solid-state pulse modulator.The system achieved an energy of 10.28 MeV,a typical power output of 24.672 kW,and a maximum power of 28.4 kW,fulfilling the design specifications.The developed irradiation accelerator system,utilizing a linear backward-wave oscillator and a high-power solid-state modulator,demonstrates a viable technical solution.Its successful implementation and application provide significant support for advancing electron beam irradiation technology.

关 键 词：电子辐照加速器 返波型加速结构 磁耦合 等梯度 MARX发生器 固态调制器 

分 类 号：TL503[核科学技术—核技术及应用] O571[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]