合金元素对Cu-Ni基熔覆层组织和性能的影响  

Influence of Alloying Elements on the Microstructure and Properties of Cu-Ni based Fusion Cladding Layers

作　　者：周文坤 刁健帅 张敏[1] 薛添淇 马克 毛威 马宏伟 ZHOU Wenkun;DIAO Jianshuai;ZHANG Min;XUE Tianqi;MA Ke;MAO Wei;MA Hongwei(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学材料科学与工程学院,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《电焊机》2024年第11期9-18,43,共11页Electric Welding Machine

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2023-YBGY-470);陕西省重点研发计划(2023KXJ-234);西安市科技计划项目(23KGDW0004-2022);国家石油天然气管材工程技术研究中心开放课题(KFKT2024-3)。

摘　　要：为改善高强钢的表面性能,利用电弧熔覆技术在X80钢表面制备了两种添加不同合金的铜基熔覆层,分别为Cu-Ni-Fe-Nb-W和Cu-Ni-Fe-Ti。采用OM、SEM、EDS、显微硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机以及电化学工作站等仪器设备研究了Nb-W、Ti等合金元素对Cu-Ni基熔覆层组织和性能的影响。结果表明,两组Cu-Ni基熔覆层的显微组织由底部到顶部均为平面晶、胞状晶、树枝晶和等轴晶,Nb-W和Ti均有细化Cu-Ni熔覆层组织的作用。Cu-Ni-FeNb-W熔覆层的平均硬度值为161.9 HV0.1,Cu-Ni-Fe-Ti熔覆层的平均硬度值为176.4 HV0.1,且Cu-Ni-Fe-Ti熔覆层的摩擦系数和磨损量均低于Cu-Ni-Fe-Nb-W熔覆层,表明添加Nb-W和Ti能够提升熔覆层的力学性能,且添加Ti元素的效果要优于Nb-W元素。电化学测试表明,添加合金元素的Cu-Ni基熔覆层的耐蚀性要明显优于X80钢的耐蚀性,且Cu-Ni-Fe-Ti熔覆层的耐蚀性优于Cu-Ni-Fe-Nb-W熔覆层。To improve the surface properties of high-strength steel,two types of copper-based cladding layers with different added alloys were prepared on the surface of X80 steel using arc cladding technology,namely Cu-Ni-Fe-Nb-W and Cu-NiFe-Ti.The effects of Nb-W and Ti alloy elements on the microstructure and properties of Cu-Ni-based cladding layers were studied using instruments such as OM,SEM,EDS,microhardness tester,friction and wear tester,and electrochemical workstation.The results show that the microstructure of the two groups of Cu-Ni-based cladding layers from bottom to top are planar crystals,cellular crystals,dendritic crystals,and equiaxed crystals,and both Nb-W and Ti have the effect of refining the Cu-Ni cladding layer structure.The average hardness value of the Cu-Ni-Fe-Nb-W cladding layer is 161.9 HV0.1,and the average hardness value of the Cu-Ni-Fe-Ti cladding layer is 176.4 HV0.1.The friction coefficient and wear amount of the Cu-Ni-Fe-Ti cladding layer are lower than those of the Cu-Ni-Fe-Nb-W cladding layer,indicating that the addition of NbW and Ti can improve the mechanical properties of the cladding layer,and the effect of adding Ti element is better than that of Nb-W element.Electrochemical tests show that the corrosion resistance of the Cu-Ni-based cladding layer with added alloy elements is significantly better than that of X80 steel,and the corrosion resistance of the Cu-Ni-Fe-Ti cladding layer is better than that of the Cu-Ni-Fe-Nb-W cladding layer.

关 键 词：Cu-Ni基熔覆层 合金元素 组织 力学性能 耐蚀性 

分 类 号：TG455[金属学及工艺—焊接]