热处理对电弧增材制造马氏体沉淀硬化不锈钢组织性能的影响  

Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Properties of Arc Additive Martensitic Precipitation-hardened Stainless Steel

作　　者：李朝旭 毛威 马宏伟 韩凯 张敏[1] 李冲 LI Zhaoxu;MAO Wei;MA Hongwei;HAN Kai;ZHANG Min;LI Chong(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi'an University of Technology,Xi'an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学材料科学与工程学院,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《电焊机》2024年第11期120-127,共8页Electric Welding Machine

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2023-YBGY-470);陕西省重点研发计划(2023KXJ-234);西安市科技计划项目(23KGDW0004-2022);国家石油天然气管材工程技术研究中心开放课题(KFKT2024-3)。

摘　　要：马氏体沉淀硬化不锈钢在增材制造过程中,由于反复的热循环和热积累,材料的组织和性能可能会出现不均匀或缺陷。以自研药芯焊丝为原材料,采用电弧增材制造技术制造马氏体沉淀硬化不锈钢结构件,由于电弧增材过程中受到复杂的热循环,因此增材件组织不均匀,导致机械性能下降。采用固溶、时效以及固溶+时效三种热处理工艺对结构件进行处理,并利用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、维氏硬度计和拉伸试验机等设备对试样的显微组织、成分、硬度和拉伸性能进行分析。结果表明,热处理态试样组织转变为马氏体且伴有强化相析出,其中固溶+时效处理效果最佳,极限抗拉强度与硬度分别达到1 048.53 MPa与423.5 HV,相比于沉积态分别提升了211.53 MPa与106.8 HV。但热处理态试样的断后伸长率相比于沉积态试样的有所降低。During the additive manufacturing process of martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel,due to repeated thermal cycles and heat accumulation,the material's structure and properties may become uneven or defective.Using selfdeveloped cored wire as raw material,martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel structural parts are manufactured using arc additive manufacturing technology.Due to the complex thermal cycles during the arc additive process,the structure of the added parts is uneven,leading to a decrease in mechanical properties.The structural parts were treated with three types of heat treatment processes:solution treatment,aging,and solution treatment + aging.The microstructure,composition,hardness,and tensile properties of the samples were analyzed using metallographic microscopes,scanning electron microscopes,Vickers hardness testers,and tensile testing machines.The results show that the microstructure of the heat-treated samples transforms into martensite with strengthening phase precipitation.Among them,the solution treatment + aging effect is the best,with the ultimate tensile strength and hardness reaching 1,048.53 MPa and 423.5 HV respectively,an increase of 211.53 MPa and 106.8 HV compared to the as-deposited state.However,the elongation after fracture of the heattreated samples is reduced compared to the as-deposited samples.

关 键 词：马氏体沉淀硬化不锈钢 电弧增材制造 热处理 组织性能 显微组织 

分 类 号：TG457.1[金属学及工艺—焊接]