水稻覆膜栽培技术应用研究现状与展望  

Current Status and Prospects of Research on Rice Film Mulching Cultivation Technology

作　　者：付第慧 邢志鹏 程爽 王忠祥[2] 陈飞扬 黄志成 胡雅杰 郭保卫 魏海燕 张洪程 FU Dihui;XING Zhipeng;CHENG Shuang;WANG Zhongxiang;CHEN Feiyang;HUANG Zhicheng;HU Yajie;GUO Baowei;WEI Haiyan;ZHANG Hongcheng(Rice Industry Engineering Technology Research Institute/Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology/Jiangsu Province Grain Crop Modern Industry Technology Collaborative Innovation Center/Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009,China;China Rural Technology Development Center,Beijing 100045,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学水稻产业工程技术研究院/江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,江苏扬州225009 [2]中国农村技术开发中心,北京100045

出　　处：《中国稻米》2024年第6期1-6,共6页China Rice

基　　金：江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2022338);江苏水稻产业技术体系项目(JATS[2022]485);江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)。

摘　　要：我国水稻在实现持续丰产的过程中,仍然面临着农药、肥料和灌溉水的高投入,以及产量、品质和效益协同性偏差等问题。以生物可降解地膜为材料、机械化覆膜为途径的水稻覆膜栽培技术是实现水稻优质丰产高效协同生产、促进稻田绿色可持续发展的有效途径之一。本文在简要介绍覆膜栽培技术发展的基础上,系统综述了水稻覆膜栽培技术在节水保墒、保肥增效、防草减药和增温保湿方面的作用及对水稻产量、品质和效益等的影响,并总结了覆膜栽培技术在水稻生产上应用存在的问题,展望了下一步研究的方向。During the pursuit of sustained bumper yields,China’s rice faces challenges,such as elevated usage of pesticides,fertilizers,and irrigation water,coupled with synergistic yield,quality,and efficiency deviations.The rice mulching cultivation technology using biodegradable plastic film as the material and mechanized mulching as the approach is one of the effective way to achieve high-quality,high-yield and efficient collaborative production of rice,and promote the green and sustainable development of rice.This article briefly introduced the development of plastic film cultivation technology,and systematically reviewed the significances of rice plastic film cultivation technology in water saving and soil moisture and fertilizer preserving,weed preventing and pesticides reducing,warming and heat preserving,and the effects on rice yield,quality,and benefits,and summarized the existing problems in the application of plastic film cultivation technology in rice production,and looked forward to the next step of research.

关 键 词：水稻 覆膜栽培技术 生物降解膜 

分 类 号：S511.048[农业科学—作物学]