稻田配施氮肥增效剂的应用研究进展  

Research Progress on the Application of Nitrogen Inhibitors in Paddy Fields

作　　者：陈书融 何禹畅 秦碧蓉 王婕 田文昊 朱春权 孔亚丽 曹小闯[1] 张均华[1] 金千瑜[1] 朱练峰[1] CHEN Shurong;HE Yuchang;QIN Birong;WANG Jie;TIAN Wenhao;ZHU Chunquan;KONG Yali;CAO Xiaochuang;ZHANG Junhua;JIN Qianyu;ZHU Lianfeng(China National Rice Research Institute/State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding,Hangzhou 310006,China;College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水稻研究所/水稻生物育种全国重点实验室,杭州310006 [2]贵州大学农学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《中国稻米》2024年第6期23-28,共6页China Rice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31771733);浙江省水稻新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02063-3)。

摘　　要：综述了氮肥增效剂的种类、作用机制及对水稻生长、产量以及氮肥利用率的影响。稻田配施硝化抑制剂对土壤氨氧化古菌和细菌有显著的抑制作用,添加脲酶抑制剂显著抑制了土壤脲酶活性,两种抑制剂(即氮肥增效剂)配施均能减缓氮肥分解速度,从而提高水稻对氮素的吸收利用,促进水稻生长,提高水稻产量及氮肥利用率;此外还能减少氮相关的温室气体排放。最后展望了氮肥增效剂未来的发展方向。The application and research of nitrogen inhibitors in rice production were reviewed.The types,mechanisms and effects of nitrogen inhibitors on rice growth,yield and nitrogen fertilizer use were introduced.The application of nitrification inhibitors in paddy field had a significant inhibitory effect on soil ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria,and the addition of urease inhibitors significantly inhibited soil urease activity.The application of the two inhibitors could decrease the decomposition rate of nitrogen fertilizer and improve the uptake and utilization of nitrogen in rice.The inhibitors also could reduce nitrogen-related greenhouse gas emissions.Finally,the future development of nitrogen inhibitors is prospected.

关 键 词：水稻 硝化抑制剂 脲酶抑制剂 氮肥利用率 

分 类 号：S511.062[农业科学—作物学]