渣油加氢装置热高分气液夹带现象探究及优化措施  

Analysis and solution of phenomenon of gas-oil foaming in hot high pressure separator of residue hydrotreating unit

作　　者：韩坤鹏 郭胜军 于传瑞 谢新亚 刘铁斌 袁胜华 HAN Kunpeng;GUO Shengjun;YU Chuanrui;XIE Xinya;LIU Tiebin;YUAN Shenghua(Sinopec(Dalian)Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals Co.,Ltd.,Dalian 116041,China;ZhongKe(Guangdong)Refinery&Petrochemical Co.,Ltd.,Zhanjiang 524000,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化(大连)石油化工研究院有限公司,辽宁大连116041 [2]中科(广东)炼化有限公司,广东湛江524000

出　　处：《石油化工》2024年第11期1646-1652,共7页Petrochemical Technology

基　　金：中国石油化工股份有限公司合同项目(CLY23027)。

摘　　要：通过对渣油加氢装置热高压分离器(热高分)所出现气液夹带(发泡)问题及其原因、影响因素等进行详细探究分析,提出了可以有效解决或缓解问题的措施以减少对装置安全平稳长周期运行的不利影响。实验结果表明,热高分设计尺寸对气液分离过程最为关键,其次为内构件设置及其强化效果、加工原油类型和性质、渣油组成和性质、反应温度等;在出现发泡问题后,较多馏程温度在350℃以上、甚至少量馏程温度540℃以上的重烃组分被夹带至后续冷高压分离器,进而又导致油水乳化问题。可通过优化热高分尺寸和内构件的初始设计,或后续升级改造强化气液分离过程彻底解决发泡问题,也可以采用优化原油类型和比例、调整渣油组成和性质或提高反应温度等措施进行缓解。The causes and influencing factors of the gas-oil foaming problem of the hot high pressure separator(HHPS)of a residue hydrotreating unit are explored and analyzed in detail in this paper.Effective measures are proposed to solve or alleviate the problem,thereby reducing the adverse influence and ensuring the safe,stable,and prolonged operation of the unit.The results show that the designed dimensions of HHPS are the most crucial factor in the gas-oil separation process.Other influencing factors include the configuration and strengthening effect of internals,the type and properties of residual oil,the composition and properties of the residue,and reaction temperature.After foaming issues occur,a significant amount of heavy hydrocarbon with distillation temperatures above 350℃,and even a small portion with distillation temperatures above 540℃,are entrained into the subsequent cold high pressure separator,which then leads to oil-water emulsification.Therefore,the foaming problem can be completely resolved by optimizing the initial design of the dimensions and internals of HHPS,or by upgrading and enhancing the gas-oil separation process.Alternatively,foaming can be alleviated by optimizing the type and proportion of crude oil,adjusting the composition and properties of residue,increasing the reaction temperature,or adopting other measures.

关 键 词：渣油加氢 热高压分离器 气液夹带(发泡) 油水乳化 影响因素 措施 

分 类 号：TE65[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]