免疫增强剂对紫贻贝的毒素蓄积、抗氧化和免疫影响  

Effects of Immunostimullants on Toxin Accumulation,Antioxidant Activity,and Immunity in Blue Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis

作　　者：张倩茹 郑关超 杨越聪 赵辉辉 谭志军[1,3] 吴海燕[1] ZHANG Qianru;ZHENG Guanchao;YANG Yuecong;ZHAO Huihui;TAN Zhijun;WU Haiyan(Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Aquatic Product Safety and Quality,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang 222005,China;State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业农村部水产品质量安全检测与评价重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]江苏海洋大学,江苏连云港222005 [3]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,海水养殖生物育种与可持续产出全国重点实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《水产科学》2024年第6期925-933,共9页Fisheries Science

基　　金：财政部与农业农村部现代农业产业技术项目(CARS-49);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费资助项目(2023TD76)。

摘　　要：为筛选影响紫贻贝中氮杂螺环酸毒素蓄积的免疫增强剂,设置添加维生素C(维生素C钠粉333.00 mg/L)、大黄素、花生四烯酸(6.66 mg/L)和黄芪多糖(333.00 mg/L)共4个处理组,评估不同组别紫贻贝[体质量(7.14±1.05)g]抗氧化功能和非特异性免疫指标的变化。试验结果显示:各免疫增强剂对紫贻贝存活率无影响(P>0.05),暴露期间紫贻贝软组织质量先降后升,除花生四烯酸组外其他处理组与对照组无显著性差异(P>0.05)。免疫增强剂均影响内脏团中毒素蓄积而对毒素代谢无影响。各组别最高毒素蓄积量为对照组1235.33μg/kg>维生素C组1153.12μg/kg>大黄素组755.74μg/kg>花生四烯酸组568.72μg/kg>黄芪多糖组141.43μg/kg。大黄素组、花生四烯酸组、黄芪多糖组氮杂螺环酸毒素含量分别为对照组的61.2%、46.0%和11.5%。添加黄芪多糖和花生四烯酸后,紫贻贝内脏团中超氧化物歧化酶活性显著升高(P<0.05),丙二醛含量显著降低(P<0.05),同时提高了非特异性免疫标志物溶菌酶含量和酸性磷酸酶活性。试验结果表明,花生四烯酸和黄芪多糖显著提高毒素蓄积过程中紫贻贝抗氧化和非特异性免疫能力。To screen for immunomodulators that affect the accumulation of azaspiracids(AZAs)in blue mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis,blue mussels with body weight of(7.14±1.05)g were reared with 333.00 mg/L of vitamin C sodium powder(vitamin C group),3.00 mg/L emodin(emodin group),and 6.66 mg/L of arachidonic acid(arachidonic acid group)and 333.00 mg/L of astragalus polysaccharide(astragalus polysaccharide group).The toxin and enzyme activities in the visceral tissues of the blue mussel,and the changes in antioxidant function and non-specific immune indices were measured.The results showed that the soft tissue was decreased first in weight and then increased in the mussel fed diets containing the immunomodulators,without effect on the survival rate of the mussel(P>0.05).Except for the arachidonic acid group,there was no significant difference between other treatment groups and the control group(P>0.05).The immunomodulators were all shown to affect the accumulation of toxins in the hepatopancreas,without effect on metabolism.The descending order of the maximal toxin contents in different groups was described as:control group(1235.33μg/kg)>vitamin C group(1153.12μg/kg)>emodin group(755.74μg/kg)>arachidonic acid group(568.72μg/kg)>astragalus polysaccharides group(141.43μg/kg),with 61.2%of that in the control group in the emodin group,46.0%of that in the control group in the arachidonic acid group,and 11.5%of that in the control group in the astragalus polysaccharide group.Arachidonic acid group and astragalus polysaccharides group with significantly reduced toxin accumulation were selected to analyze the changes of their antioxidant enzymes,oxidation products and non-specific immune enzyme activities.The activity of superoxide dismutase in mussel hepatopancreas was found to be increased significantly and the malondialdehyde content to be significantly decreased in the blue mussel fed the diets containing astragalus polysaccharides and arachidonic acid(P<0.05),with increase in the content of non-specific immune marker lys

关 键 词：免疫增强剂 氮杂螺环酸毒素 抗氧化活性 免疫能力 黄芪多糖 

分 类 号：S968.31[农业科学—水产养殖]