四川华吸鳅和汉水后平鳅消化系统形态组织结构  

Morphological and Histological Observation of Digestive System of Loach Sinogastromyzon szechuanensis and Metahomaloptera omeiensis hangshuiensis

作　　者：宋霖[1] 陈小江[1] 高鹏 符江涵 SONG Lin;CHEN Xiaojiang;GAO Peng;FU Jianghan(Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College,Taizhou 225300,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏农牧科技职业学院,江苏泰州225300

出　　处：《水产科学》2024年第6期934-943,共10页Fisheries Science

基　　金：江苏高校“青蓝工程”优秀教学团队项目(苏教师[2021]11);江苏省水产三新工程项目(Y2015-25);江苏高校青蓝工程资助项目(苏教师[2018]12);泰州市311高层次人才培养工程资助项目(2017Ⅲ-804);江苏农牧科技职业学院科研基金资助项目(NSF2023ZR17)。

摘　　要：为探究四川华吸鳅和汉水后平鳅消化系统特征并比较各部分功能及食性异同,采用解剖、石蜡切片和阿利新蓝-过碘酸染色方法对体长(5.18±0.11)cm的四川华吸鳅和体长(4.96±0.25)cm的汉水后平鳅消化系统形态组织结构进行观察。观察结果显示:(1)二者消化道分为口咽腔、食道、胃和肠道。口裂小,胃U型。四川华吸鳅肠道折叠2回,比肠长1.43±0.08;汉水后平鳅肠道呈螺旋状盘旋,比肠长2.46±0.21,差异显著。胰腺分布于肝脏中。消化系统均符合杂食性鱼类特征。(2)口咽腔均分布4种黏液细胞;食道黏膜上皮中堆叠Ⅰ、Ⅲ型黏液细胞多层;胃仅贲门部具胃腺,胃黏膜中无杯状细胞,黏液细胞以Ⅲ型为主;自前肠至后肠,黏膜褶高度、纹状缘厚度、柱状细胞高度均逐渐变小,杯状细胞密度逐渐增大,前肠具4种黏液细胞,中、后肠未见Ⅰ型黏液细胞。(3)二者相比,四川华吸鳅胃腺较发达,胃部黏液细胞丰富,口咽腔4种黏液细胞密度,盲囊和幽门Ⅲ型黏液细胞密度,幽门肌层及后肠黏膜下层厚度均显著大于汉水后平鳅,肝组织肝门管区明显;汉水后平鳅后肠杯状细胞密度显著大于四川华吸鳅。推测四川华吸鳅具备摄食动物性饵料的能力,汉水后平鳅则表现为杂食性更偏植食性。To investigate the structural characteristics and analyze their functional and dietary differences and similarities of the digestive system of loach Sinogastromyzon szechuanensis and Metahomaloptera omeiensis hangshuiensis,morphology and histology were observed in the digestive system of S.zechuanensis with average body length of(5.18±0.11)cm,and M.omeiensis hangshuiensis with average body length of(4.96±0.25)cm collected from the Jiangjin section of the Changjiang River,Chongqing,and the Luowang Town section of the Baishui River,Zhaotong City,Yunnan Province in December 2021 by morphological,histological,and histochemical(AB-PAS)methods.It was found that the alimentary canal was comprised of the oropharyngeal cavity,esophagus,stomach and intestine,with diminutive oral fissure and a stomach configuration resembling the letter“U”.The intestinal morphology in S.szechuanensis was characterized by a straight forward folding pattern,in contrast to the intricate organization observed in M.omeiensis hangshuiensis,as indicated by intestinal coefficients of 1.43±0.08 and 2.46±0.21,respectively,signifying a substantial disparity.The pancreas was distributed throughout the hepatic tissue.The structural and characteristic attributes of the digestive systems in both species were evidently tailored to accommodate omnivorous feeding habits.In the oropharyngeal cavity,four distinct types of mucous cells were observed.The esophageal mucosa featured multiple layers of typeⅠand typeⅢmucinous cells within its epithelium.Conversely,there was predominant mucous cell typeⅢ,with the presence of gastric glands limited to the cardiain gastric mucosa without goblet cells.Transitioning from the foregut to the hindgut,a gradual decrease in mucosal fold height,columnar cell and striated border thickness was noted,while goblet cell density exhibited an incremental trend.Four categories of mucinous cells were found in the foregut,without typeⅠmucous cells in the midgut and hindgut.In the case of S.szechuanensis,several key disti

关 键 词：四川华吸鳅 汉水后平鳅 消化系统 形态学 组织学 

分 类 号：Q959.4[生物学—动物学]