高压Ⅳ型储氢气瓶充氢工艺分析  

Numerical analysis of hydrogen charging process for the high-pressure type IV hydrogen storage cylinder

作　　者：王云峰 王哲 徐双庆 郭晓璐 WANG Yunfeng;WANG Zhe;XU Shuangqing;GUO Xiaolu(Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 230031,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥通用机械研究院有限公司,合肥230031

出　　处：《流体机械》2024年第10期24-32,73,共10页Fluid Machinery

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFB1506100)。

摘　　要：针对高压Ⅳ型储氢瓶充氢过程出现的超温和流量过高的问题,研究了预冷温度、充氢时间、充氢方式和充氢余压等工艺条件对温度和流量的影响规律。结果表明:预冷温度从0℃降至-40℃时,瓶内最高温度值降低约20.8℃,而入口流量基本不受预冷温度的影响;适当增加充氢时间,可较好地控制瓶内温度和入口流量;充氢方式对温度和流量均有明显影响,快充过程适宜选用线性和先慢后快的充氢方式;充氢余压主要影响瓶内温度变化,余压从2 MPa提高至15 MPa时,瓶内最高温度降低17.61℃;通过改变工艺条件可以调控温度和流量,但不会改变瓶内高温区域分布;可通过针对性措施,优化充氢过程瓶内温度和流量。研究结果可为公路运输用高压储氢气瓶充氢工艺控制提供指导。For the problems of over-temperature and too high flow rate in the hydrogen charging process of high pressure typeⅣhydrogen storage cylinders,the effects of different pre-cooling temperature,hydrogen charging time,hydrogen charging mode and hydrogen charging residual pressure on the temperature and flow rate of hydrogen charging process were studied.The results show that when the pre-cooling temperature is reduced from 0℃to-40℃,the maximum temperature in the cylinder is reduced by about 20.8℃,whereas the inlet flow rate is not affected by the pre-cooling temperature.Appropriately increasing the hydrogen charging time can better control the temperature in the cylinder and inlet flow rate.Hydrogen charging method has obvious influence on temperature and flow rate;linear and slow first and then fast hydrogen charging method are suitable for fast charging process.Hydrogen charging residual pressure mainly affects the temperature change in the cylinder,when the residual pressure increases from 2 MPa to 15 MPa,maximum temperature in the cylinder decreases by 17.61℃.The temperature and flow rate can be controlled by changing the process conditions,but the distribution of high temperature area in the cylinder will not be changed.Therefore,specific measures can be taken to optimize the temperature and flow rate in the hydrogen charging process.The research results can provide guidance for the hydrogen charging process control of high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders used in highway transportation.

关 键 词：充氢工艺 高压气瓶 数值模型 温升 瞬时流量 

分 类 号：TK91[动力工程及工程热物理]