基于TRU系统的深圳城市绿地优势观花树种根系空间分布特征  

Root Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Dominant Flowering Tree Species in Shenzhen Urban Green Space Based on TRU System

作　　者：孙延军 来雨晴 张炎晶 战国强 邓星 陈晓熹 郭微[3] 蓝伟根 SUN Yanjun;LAI Yuqing;ZHANG Yanjing;ZHAN Guoqiang;DENG Xing;CHEN Xiaoxi;GUO Wei;LAN Weigen(Guangdong Eco-Engineering Polytechnic,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510520,China;Shenzhen Park Management Center,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518048,China;Zhongkai College of Agricultural Engineering,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510225,China;Shenzhen Kunyuan Ecological Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen,Guangdong518049,China;Shenzhen Landscape Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518049,China)

机构地区：[1]广东生态工程职业学院,广东广州510520 [2]深圳市公园管理中心,广东深圳518048 [3]仲恺农业工程学院,广东广州510225 [4]深圳坤元生态科技有限公司,广东深圳518049 [5]深圳园林股份有限公司,广东深圳518049

出　　处：《林业与环境科学》2024年第5期78-87,共10页Forestry and Environmental Science

基　　金：广东省普通高校创新团队项目(2024KCXTD078);深圳市科技攻关计划项目(JSGG20191129141403814);广东省林业科技创新项目(2021KJCX009)。

摘　　要：为促进城市绿地优势观花树种健康管理,以深圳城市绿地优势观花树种为研究对象,采用树木雷达系统(Tree radar unit,TRU)检测方法,对火焰木Spathodea campanulata、凤凰木Delonix regia、美丽异木棉Ceiba speciosa、黄花风铃木Handroanthus chrysanthus进行根系检测,探寻不同树种、不同立地下根系分布特征。结果表明,(1)整体而言,根系水平分布的特征为距离树干越远,根系密度越小。不同树种水平根系分布密度存在显著差异(P<0.05)。(2)垂直方向根系分布以20~40 cm土层密度最高,而0~20 cm、40~60 cm土层范围根密度较小,绝大多数根系分布在0~60 cm范围土层中。(3)不同树种总体垂直分布密度差异显著(P<0.05),随土层深度增加呈先增加后减小规律,通常于20~40 cm土层范围内达到峰值。(4)道路立地与硬质铺装环境根系相比于草坪绿地具有更明显的胁迫响应,根系为应对胁迫普遍采取侧重于分支生长的策略,具体表现为道路立地与硬质铺装环境下相同树种水平与垂直根系密度远高于草坪绿地,且在表层土壤根系形成聚集效应,表层土壤范围内根系含量相比草坪绿地显著增加(P<0.05)。总体根系密度呈道路立地>硬质铺装>草坪绿地。(5)在城市硬质环境胁迫下,各树种根系横向扩张能力呈凤凰木>火焰木>美丽异木棉>黄花风铃木。为了改善城市绿地树木的根系发育,建议采用土壤改良、生根剂施用、新型基质换填和菌根形成诱导等方法,并结合引根管、隔根挡板、树池和绿化带的工程技术改造,以促进根系健康发展。In order to promote the healthy management of advantageous flowering tree species in urban green spaces,a tree radar system(TRU)detection method was used to detect the root system of Spathodea campanulata,Delonix regia,Ceiba speciosa,and Handroanthus chrysanthus in Shenzhen urban green spaces.The root distribution characteristics of different tree species and underground systems were explored.The results indicate that,(1)Overall,the characteristic of horizontal distribution of roots is that the farther away from the tree trunk,the lower the root density.There are significant differences in root distribution density at different tree species levels(P<0.05).(2)The vertical root distribution is highest in the 20-40 cm soil layer,while the root density is lower in the 0-20 cm and 40-60 cm soil layers.The vast majority of roots are distributed in the 0-60 cm soil layer.(3)There is no significant difference in the overall vertical distribution density of different tree species(P<0.05),and it shows a pattern of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of soil depth,usually reaching its peak within the range of 20-40 cm soil layer.(4)Compared with lawn green spaces,the root system in road sites and hard-paved environments has a more significant stress response.The root system generally adopts a strategy that focuses on branching growth to cope with stress.Specifically,the horizontal and vertical root density of the same tree species in road sites and hard-paved environments is much higher than that in lawn green spaces,and an aggregation effect is formed in the surface soil root system.The root system content in the surface soil range is significantly increased compared to lawn green spaces(P<0.05).The overall root density is as follows:road standing>hard pavement>lawn green space.(5)Under the stress of an urban hard environment,the horizontal expansion ability of the root systems of each tree species was D.regia>S.campanulata>C.speciosa>H.chrysanthus.In order to improve the root development of urban green

关 键 词：开花乔木 植物根系 土壤环境 空间分布 城市绿地 

分 类 号：S718.4[农业科学—林学]