表面粗糙度对潮流能涡轮机水动力性能的影响  

Effect of surface roughness on hydrodynamic performance of tidal current turbines

作　　者：宋科 杨邦成[2] 段维华 SONG Ke;YANG Bangcheng;DUAN Weihua(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Kunming University,Kunming,Yunnan 650214,China;Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming,Yunnan 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明学院机电工程学院,云南昆明650214 [2]昆明理工大学建筑工程学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2024年第11期1128-1134,共7页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：云南省“兴滇英才支持计划”青年人才专项(XDYC-QNRC-2023-0159);云南省先进装备智能制造技术重点实验室开放基金资助项目(KLYAEIMTY2022001);云南省基础研究专项(202201AU070028)。

摘　　要：为探究由生物附着所引起的表面粗糙度效应对涡轮机水动力性能的影响,采用计算流体动力学方法对不同粗糙度和不同局部粗糙度分布条件下的水平轴涡轮机进行了数值模拟.研究结果表明:在相同尖速比(TSR)下,随着粗糙度的增大,涡轮机的功率和推力损失逐渐增大.而在相同粗糙度下,涡轮机的功率和推力损失也随着TSR的增大而增大,其中涡轮机在TSR=6.00的功率损失是TSR=3.00的2.3倍左右.局部粗糙度分布越靠近叶尖对涡轮机功率和推力损失的影响就越明显,其中分布在叶片半径(R)为0.75R~1.00R的局部粗糙度所造成的功率损失超过整体的一半以上.叶片背流面局部粗糙度分布相比迎流面局部粗糙度分布对涡轮机功率和推力的影响更明显.同时,涡轮机的粗糙度效应并不是各局部粗糙度的简单叠加,而是综合影响的结果.涡轮机一旦被生物附着,其设计条件下的最佳TSR范围将不再适用.In order to investigate the effect of surface roughness caused by biological attachment on the turbine hydrodynamic performance,numerical simulations were conducted using computational fluid dynamics methods on horizontal axis turbines with different roughness and different local roughness distribution conditions.The results show that,at a constant tip speed ratio(TSR),an increase in surface roughness correlates with a progressive rise in both power and thrust losses of the turbine.Under conditions of equivalent surface roughness,both power and thrust losses of the turbine escalate with increa-sing TSR.Specifically,the power loss at a TSR of 6.00 is approximately 2.3 times greater than that observed at a TSR of 3.00.The proximity of local roughness distribution to the blade tip significantly influences turbine power and thrust loss.Notably,the power loss attributable to local roughness distribution within the blade radius range of 0.75 R to 1.00 R accounts for more than half of the total power loss.The distribution of local roughness on the downstream surface of the turbine blade exerts a more pronounced influence on the turbine′s power and thrust than the roughness distribution on the upstream surface.Concurrently,the effect of roughness on a turbine is not an additive consequence of local roughness variations,but the outcome of a comprehensive interaction.Furthermore,the attachment of organisms to the turbine alters the optimal TSR range,rendering the design conditions no longer applicable.

关 键 词：潮流能涡轮机 生物附着 表面粗糙度 水动力性能 计算流体动力学 

分 类 号：S277.9[农业科学—农业水土工程]