激光衍射法测量金属丝直径  

Measure the Metal Wire Diameter by Laser Diffraction

作　　者：侯宏涛 Hou Hongtao(The Department of Fundamental Education,Zhengzhou University of Industrial Technology,Zhengzhou451150,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州工业应用技术学院基础教学部,河南郑州451150

出　　处：《应用激光》2024年第8期47-62,共16页Applied Laser

基　　金：教育部产学合作协同育人项目(220902557031435);教育部供需对接就业育人项目(2023122834448);河南省一流本科课程虚拟仿真实验教学课程(豫教[2021]22149);郑州工业应用技术学院大学物理实验校级课程思政项目(郑工教[2022]6号)。

摘　　要：为提高金属丝直径测量准确度,讨论激光衍射测量法的实验方案。首先根据夫琅禾费单缝衍射暗纹产生的条件,推导出计算狭缝缝宽的理论公式,由巴比涅定理,同为互补障碍物的细丝与狭缝可以产生相同的衍射图样,因此可用测量狭缝缝宽的方法测量金属丝的直径。然后对金属丝衍射光强分布测量的实验步骤进行了详细阐述。最后根据实验数据,通过传统计算法和规划求解法分别求解出金属丝直径。对比两种方法可知,利用规划求解法求解金属丝直径的准确度可以继续提高。通过以上研究,不仅提高了金属丝直径的计算精度,而且对金属丝直径的测量具有一定的指导意义。In order to improve the measuring accuracy of metal wire diameter,this work discusses the experimental scheme of laser diffraction method.Firstly,the theoretical formula for calculating a slit width is derived from the generation conditions of dark stripes in Fraunhofer single slit diffraction.According to Babinet theorem,The filaments and slits that are complementary obstacles produce the same diffraction patterns and therefore the metal wire diameter can be obtained by measuring the slit width.Then the experimental procedure for measuring the intensity distribution of metal wire diffraction is described in detail.Finally,based on the measurement data,the metal wire diameter is deduced using the traditional calculation method and the programming solution method respectively.By comparing the results from the two methods,the programming solution method has a room for further improvement in measuring accuracy.This work not only improves the calculation accuracy of metal wire diameter,but also provides a guidance on the measurement of metal wire diameter.

关 键 词：衍射 金属丝 直径 传统法 规划求解法 对比分析 

分 类 号：O436.1[机械工程—光学工程]