进出口边界压力扰动对多级轴流压气机气动不确定性影响  

Impact of pressure variations at inlet and outlet boundaries on aerodynamic performance of multi-stage axial compressor

作　　者：李灿灿 肖左利 罗佳奇 Cancan LI;Zuoli XIAO;Jiaqi LUO(AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co.,Ltd,Shanghai 200241,China;Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science,College of Engineering,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;School of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司,上海200241 [2]北京大学工学院力学与工程科学系,北京100871 [3]浙江大学航空航天学院,杭州310027

出　　处：《航空学报》2024年第19期34-48,共15页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金(LXR21E060001);国家科技重大专项(J2019-II-00120032);国家自然科学基金(51976183)。

摘　　要：量化边界流动扰动的不确定性影响是压气机鲁棒性气动设计的主要研究内容之一。基于计算流体力学的多级压气机气动不确定性量化(UQ)非常耗时,高效的气动预测方法有助于提高UQ的计算效率。本文采用时间推进欧拉通流方法(Euler-TFM)和直接蒙特卡洛模拟(MCS)研究了进出口边界压力扰动对某型4.5级轴流压气机的气动不确定性影响。首先,实现了基于Euler-TFM的压气机气动性能预测,并通过与三维数值计算结果的对比验证了Euler-TFM的精度。随后采用MCS量化了不同工况下进口总压、出口背压、两者耦合的不确定性变化对压气机绝热效率、流量和压比的影响大小。基于Sobol灵敏度分析的结果表明:在近失速工况下,进口总压和出口背压扰动对性能变化的影响存在强烈的耦合作用。最后对流场进行统计分析,揭示了边界流动扰动对该压气机流场和性能变化的影响规律,并评估了气动设计的鲁棒性。Flow variations commonly exist in multi-stage turbomachines,strongly impacting the performance of these machines at most times.Quantification of performance impact of flow variations is one of the most attractive topics because it benefits the robust design of turbomachines.Statistical analysis is essential in Uncertainty Quantification(UQ),yet flow computations of multi-stages are expensive.Apart from the efficient UQ methods,a fast performance calculator is another answer to the computational cost decrease of UQ.This paper presents a method for evaluating the performance changes of a multi-stage axial compressor considering pressure variations at both the inlet and outlet boundaries using the time-marching Euler Throughflow Method(TFM).First,the time-marching TFM is introduced to performance prediction of a low-speed axial compressor.The results are verified and validated by comparing with those obtained by a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics method.Then the direct Monte Carlo simulation is employed to evaluate the changes of adiabatic efficiency,mass flow rate and total pressure ratio at different operation conditions,considering the variations of separated inlet total pressure,outlet static pressure,and the simultaneous variations of these two.Moreover,for the UQ case with simultaneous flow variations,Sobol sensitivity analysis indicates that the interactions between the inlet total pressure and outlet static pressure are strong under the near stall operation condition.Finally,flow solutions are statistically analyzed to reveal the impact mechanisms of uncertainties on the flow field variations and the performance changes of the multi-stage axial compressor,through which the potential robust design is suggested.

关 键 词：不确定性 多级轴流压气机 流动扰动 欧拉通流方法 概率统计 

分 类 号：V231.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] O354[理学—流体力学]