仿生螺旋结构纤维增强复合材料力学性能研究进展  

Recent advances in mechanical properties of fibre-reinforced composites with bio-inspired helicoidal lay-ups

作　　者：王昕[1] 季海波 李振 李秉洋 章琪 张瑞[5] 徐翔 孟晗 王鹏飞 卢天健 Xin WANG;Haibo JI;Zhen LI;Bingyang LI;Qi ZHANG;Rui ZHANG;Xiang XU;Han MENG;Pengfei WANG;Tianjian LU(Advanced Materials and Energy Center,China Academy of Aerospace Science and Innovation,Beijing 100088,China;State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;MIIT Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Lightweight Materials and Structures,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;College of Engineering,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan 430200,China;School of Engineering,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航天科技创新研究院先进材料与能源研究中心,北京100088 [2]南京航空航天大学航空航天结构力学及控制全国重点实验室,南京210016 [3]南京航空航天大学多功能轻量化材料与结构工信部重点实验室,南京210016 [4]北京大学工学院,北京100871 [5]武汉纺织大学纺织新材料及先进加工技术国家重点实验室,武汉430200 [6]安徽农业大学工学院,合肥230036

出　　处：《航空学报》2024年第19期122-143,共22页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12402407,12302187,U22B2013);北京市科技新星计划(20230484287)。

摘　　要：仿生螺旋结构纤维增强复合材料是受生物外骨骼和鳞片微观结构启发而设计的一种新型复合材料。该结构通过在单向铺层中引入的层间转角,能够显著降低复合材料在受载时的层间应力,从而提高层间粘接性能和抗冲击能力。本文综述并评价了仿生螺旋灵感的来源、常见的构型与制备工艺、静/动态力学性能的研究现状及应用前景,分析了仿生螺旋复合材料的动/静态力学响应及其力学机理,仿生螺旋铺层作为一种新兴设计思路对提升纤维增强复合材料刚度、强度及韧性等具有显著优势。通过总结现有仿生螺旋结构在复合材料领域的研究进展与不足,对未来的发展方向进行了探讨与展望。本文的研究成果对于设计力学性能优异的仿生复合材料具有理论和实践指导意义。Fiber-reinforced composites with bio-inspired helicoidal lay-ups are a new type of composites inspired by the microstructure of biological exoskeletons and scales.The helicoidal lay-ups are able to significantly reduce the interlaminar stresses of transversely loaded composites by introducing small inter-ply angles,thus improving the interlaminar properties and impact resistance.This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of bio-inspired helicoidal composites,including bionics principles,typical configurations,fabrication methods,application prospects,and the current research advances in their static/dynamic mechanical properties.The static/dynamic mechanical responses and underlying enhancement mechanisms of bio-inspired helicoidal composites are systematically analyzed.It has been clarified that as a kind of emerging design method,stacking unidirectional laminates helicoidally with small interply angles results in improvements in stiffness,strength and toughness of fibre-reinforced composites compared with the traditional cross-ply or quasi-isotropic ones.By summarizing the shortcomings of the existing efforts,the future development trend of bio-inspired helicoidal composites is discussed.In a word,the concluding remarks raised in this paper are of great theoretical and practical significance for the design of high-performance fibre-reinforced composites.

关 键 词：纤维增强复合材料 力学性能 仿生设计制造 层间性能 抗冲击性能 

分 类 号：V258[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]