不同弱光耐受性甘薯在弱光下的光合和荧光特性分析  

Photosynthetic and fluorescence characteristics of sweet potatoes with different low light tolerance under low light

作　　者：张小红 鄢铮 魏广彪 ZHANG Xiaohong;YAN Zheng;WEI Guangbiao(Fuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou 350018,China)

机构地区：[1]福州市农业科学研究所,福建福州350018

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2024年第10期1787-1793,共7页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：福建省科技厅引导性项目(2019N0037)。

摘　　要：本研究以耐弱光品种榕薯109和不耐弱光品种榕薯756为材料,采用自然光照(CK)和遮光50%处理,遮光60 d后测定甘薯叶片的光合作用和叶绿素荧光特性相关指标。结果表明,遮光50%处理的2个甘薯品种净光合速率(P_(n))、最大净光合速率(P_(max))、光饱和点(LSP)、光补偿点(LCP)均显著低于对照(P<0.05)。自然光照和遮光50%处理榕薯109的P_(n)、P_(max)、LSP均高于榕薯756,LCP、暗呼吸速率(R_(d))低于榕薯756。自然光照和遮光50%处理2个甘薯品种对CO_(2)响应情况不同,榕薯109的最大羧化速率(Vcmax)、最大电子传递速率(Jmax)均高于榕薯756,CO_(2)补偿点(CCP)低于榕薯756。光合诱导过程中,2个甘薯品种对高光诱导的响应存在差异,榕薯109反应速度较快。遮光50%处理2个甘薯品种非光化学淬灭系数(NPQ)均显著高于对照(P<0.05),暗适应下最大光化学量子效率(F′_(v)/F′_(m))、光适应下PSⅡ最大光化学量子效率(F′_(v)/F′_(m))、表观电子传递速率(ETR)显著低于对照(P<0.05)。自然光照和遮光50%处理榕薯109的F′_(v)/F′_(m)、△F/F′_(m)、ETR、NPQ均不低于榕薯756。遮光50%处理2个甘薯品种的PSⅡ实际光化学效率(?PSⅡ)均显著低于对照,非光化学淬灭耗散比例(∅NPQ)、荧光耗散比例(∅_(f,d))显著高于对照。遮光50%处理榕薯109产量下降幅度低于榕薯756。综上所述,耐弱光品种榕薯109对弱光适应性更强,在弱光胁迫下能维持较高水平的净光合速率、光诱导反应速度和非光化学热耗散能力,产量下降幅度较小。In this study,low-light tolerant variety Rongshu 109 and low-light sensitive variety Rongshu 756 were were used as materials.The photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of sweet potato leaves were measured after treatments of natural sunlight(CK)and 50%shading for 60 days.The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate(P_(n)),the maximum net photosynthetic rate(P_(max)),the light saturation point(LSP)and the light compensation point(LCP)of the two sweet potato varieties treated with 50%shading were significantly lower than those of the control(P<0.05).The P_(n),P_(max)and LSP of Rongshu 109 were higher than those of Rongshu 756 under nature light and 50%shading treatments,while LCP and R_(d)were lower than those of Rongshu 756.Two sweet potato varieties showed different responses to CO_(2)under natural light and 50%shading treatments,the maximum carboxylation rate(V cmax)and maximum electron transfer rate(J max)of Rongshu 109 were higher than those of Rongshu 756,the CO_(2)compensation point(CCP)was lower than Rongshu 756.In the process of photosynthesis induction,the response of two sweet potato varieties to the high light induction was different,and the response speed of Rongshu 109 was faster.The non-photochemical quenching coefficient(NPQ)of two sweet potato varieties under 50%shading treatment was significantly higher than that of the control(P<0.05),the maximum photochemical quantum efficiency(F′_(v)/F′_(m))under dark adaptation,the maximum PSⅡphotochemical quantum efficiency(F′_(v)/F′_(m))under light adaptation and apparent electron transfer rate(ETR)were significantly lower than those of the control(P<0.05).Under natural light and 50%shading treatments,the F′_(v)/F′_(m),△F/F′_(m),ETR,NPQ of Rongshu 109 were not lower than those of Rongshu 756.The actual photochemical efficiency of PSⅡin the light(∅PSⅡ)of two sweet potato varieties under 50%shading treatment was significantly lower than that of the control,and the non-photochemical quenching dissipation ratio

关 键 词：甘薯 弱光耐受性 遮光处理 光合特性 叶绿素荧光 产量 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学]