江苏省大豆豆荚真菌病害的病原菌分离与鉴定  

Isolation and identification of the pathogens causing soybean pod fungal diseases in Jiangsu province

作　　者：李艺阳 吴冕 顾和平[2] 陈新[2] 崔晓艳 LI Yiyang;WU Mian;GU Heping;CHEN Xin;CUI Xiaoyan(College of Plant Protection,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Institute of Industrial Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学植物保护学院,江苏南京210095 [2]江苏省农业科学院经济作物研究所/生物育种钟山实验室,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2024年第10期1801-1809,共9页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：生物育种钟山实验室基金项目(ZSBBL-KY2023-03);农业生物育种重大项目(2023ZD0403402);江苏省种业振兴“揭榜挂帅”项目[JBGS(2021)057];江苏省林业科技创新与推广项目[LYKJ-盱胎(2023)1号]。

摘　　要：真菌引起的大豆豆荚病害直接影响大豆籽粒及鲜食豆荚的产量和品质,为了解江苏省大豆豆荚病害的主要致病菌,本研究从南京、淮安、徐州、南通、盐城的大豆种植区内采集了78份有明显病斑的豆荚,通过病原菌组织分离与纯化得到112种病原菌。通过对比ITS与TUB2序列,112种病原菌被分为半知菌亚门的5个属:镰刀菌属(Fusarium spp.)、炭疽菌属(Colletotrichum spp.)、拟茎点霉属(Diaporthe spp.)、黑孢菌属(Nigrospora spp.)和色二孢属(Lasiodiplodia spp.)。其中镰刀菌属占比最高,占65.18%。从每个属中选择1个病原菌进行形态学观察以及柯赫氏法则验证,并结合分子生物学鉴定和系统演化分析。结果证明5个分离物分别属于层出镰刀菌(F.proliferatum)、平头炭疽菌(C.truncatum)、大豆拟茎点霉菌(D.longicolla)、球黑孢菌(N.sphaerica)和假可可毛色二孢菌(L.pseudotheobromae)。本研究明确了为害江苏省大豆豆荚的主要病原菌,为大豆豆荚真菌病害的有效防控提供理论依据。Soybean pod diseases caused by fungi directly affect the yield and quality of soybean seeds and fresh pods.In this study,112 pathogens were isolated and purified from 78 diseased pods collected from soybean growing areas in Nanjing,Huai’an,Xuzhou,Nantong and Yancheng.By comparing ITS and TUB2 sequences,112 species of pathogens were classified into five genera of Deuteromycotina:Fusarium spp.,Colletotrichum spp.,Diaporthe spp.,Nigrospora spp.and Lasiodiplodia spp.Among them,Fusarium spp.accounted for the highest proportion(65.18%).One pathogen from each genus was selected for morphological observation and Koch’s rule validation,and molecular biological identification and phylogenetic analysis were carried out.The results showed that the five isolates belonged to Fusarium proliferatum,Colletotrichum truncatum,Diaporthe longicolla,Nigrospora sphaerica and Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae,respectively.This study identified the main pathogens of soybean pods in Jiangsu province,providing a theoretical basis for effective control of soybean pod fungal diseases.

关 键 词：大豆 真菌病害 病原菌鉴定 

分 类 号：S435.651[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]