有机肥对甜瓜幼苗生理特性和质量的影响  

Effects of Organic Fertilizer on the Physiological Characteristics and Quality of Melon Seedlings

作　　者：王立钊 邹德禹 李佳乐 陈杰 崔龙梅 廉华[1] 马光恕[1] WANG Lizhao;ZOU Deyu;LI Jiale;CHEN Jie;CUI Longmei;LIAN Hua;MA Guangshu(College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学园艺园林学院,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《蔬菜》2024年第11期44-48,共5页Vegetables

基　　金：2023年黑龙江八一农垦大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(XC2023026)。

摘　　要：为明确有机肥对甜瓜幼苗生理特性和幼苗质量的作用效果,保证甜瓜高产和优质栽培,采用盆栽方法,设置6个不同有机肥施用量(每千克蔬菜专用营养土中羊粪有机肥用量分别为0、0.4、0.7、1.0、1.3、1.6 kg),系统分析了有机肥对甜瓜幼苗生理特性和质量的影响。结果显示:与CK(无羊粪)相比,不同用量有机肥均具有促进甜瓜生理特性和改善幼苗质量的作用,其中以F4处理(羊粪用量1.3 kg)效果最为理想,在甜瓜出苗后25 d,幼苗根系活力、叶片叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量、幼苗株高、茎粗、叶面积、根冠比和壮苗指数比CK分别显著提高了95.83%、15.97%、85.01%、61.71%、41.65%、11.76%、33.90%、85.71%和200.00%;虽然F5处理(羊粪用量1.6 kg)的根系活力、叶片叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量、株高和茎粗均最大,但与F4处理之间差异均不显著,且根冠比、壮苗指数较F4处理有所降低。因此,认为每千克蔬菜专用营养土添加羊粪1.3 kg更有利于培育甜瓜幼苗。In order to clarify the effect of organic fertilizer on physiological characteristics and quality of melon seedlings,and to ensure high-yield and high-quality cultivation of melon,six different application rates of organic fertilizer(The organic fertilizer amount of sheep manure was 0,0.4,0.7,1.0,1.3,1.6 kg compounding with 1 kg of special nutrient soil for vegetable,respectively)were set with potted method,and the effects of organic fertilizer on physiological characteristics and quality of melon seedlings were systematically analyzed.The results showed that compared with CK(no sheep manure),different dosages of organic fertilizer all had the effects of promoting the physiological characteristics and improving the quality of melon seedlings,among which,F4 treatment(1.3 kg sheep manure)had the most ideal effect.The root activity,leaf chlorophyll content,soluble protein content,soluble sugar content,plant height,stem diameter,leaf area,root-shoot ratio and strong seedling index of melon seedlings were significantly increased by 95.83%,15.97%,85.01%,61.71%,41.65%,11.76%,33.90%,85.71%and 200.00%,respectively,after 25 d seedling emergence.Although the root activity,leaf chlorophyll content,soluble protein content,soluble sugar content,plant height and stem diameter were all the largest in F5 treatment(1.6 kg sheep manure),but there was no significant difference between them and those of F4 treatment,and the root-shoot ratio and strong seedling index were lower than those of F4 treatment.Therefore,the research result suggested that adding 1.3 kg sheep manure to 1 kg of special nutrient soil for vegetables is more beneficial to cultivate melon seedlings.

关 键 词：甜瓜 有机肥 生理特性 幼苗质量 根系活力 总叶绿素 羊粪 

分 类 号：S65[农业科学—果树学]