连栋塑料冷棚葡萄套种羊肚菌栽培技术  

Cultivation Technology of Grape Interplanting Morchella in Multi-span Plastic Cold Shed

作　　者：张玉铎 郭永杰 韩宝 张东雷 徐凯 ZHANG Yuduo;GUO Yongjie;HAN Bao;ZHANG Donglei;XU Kai(Beijing Fangshan District Planting Technology Extension Station,Beijing 102446,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市房山区种植业技术推广站,北京102446

出　　处：《蔬菜》2024年第11期79-83,共5页Vegetables

基　　金：北京市食用菌创新团队资助项目(BAIC03-2023)。

摘　　要：为提高土地复种指数,在北京市房山区利用大单体连栋塑料冷棚内葡萄冬春休眠期闲置的设施和土地,进行了羊肚菌与葡萄套种栽培技术探索。根据羊肚菌生物学特性、冷棚葡萄生长规律和大单体连栋塑料冷棚设施性能,设计羊肚菌栽培各环节时间节点,并创新播种方式,以温度管理为核心,探索并形成了“4膜1网”的套种栽培模式,实现每667 m^(2)可产鲜羊肚菌商品菇386.86 kg的较高产量。现将栽培效益、适宜场地、茬口安排、栽培管理措施,特别是播种方法和出菇管理阶段的温、湿、光、气的调控技术进行总结,为京郊地区及相似地区开展大单体连栋冷棚葡萄套种羊肚菌栽培提供参考。In order to improve the land multiple cropping index,the cultivation technology of interplanting Morchella with grape was explored in Beijing Fangshan district,by using the idle facilities and land of grape dormancy in winter and spring in a large monomer multi-span plastic cold shed.According to the biological characteristics of Morchella,the growth law of grapes in cold shed and the facilities performance of large monomer multi-span plastic cold shed,the time nodes of each link of Morchella cultivation were designed,and the sowing method was innovated.Taking temperature management as the core,the interplanting cultivation mode of'four membranes and one net'was explored and formed,which achieved a high yield of fresh commercial mushrooms of 386.86 kg per 667 m^(2).This paper summarizes the cultivation benefits,suitable sites,stubble arrangements,cultivation management measures,especially the sowing methods and the regulation technology of temperature,humidity,light and air in the fruiting management stage,so as to provide a reference for grape interplanting Morchella in large monomer multi-span cold shed in Beijing suburbs and other similar areas.

关 键 词：冷棚 葡萄 羊肚菌 套种 4膜1网 子囊果 复种指数 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学] S646.7[农业科学—园艺学]