采摘时间对武陵山北部地区油茶果实主要经济性状影响研究  

Impact of Harvesting Time on Major Economic Parameters of Camellia oleifera Fruit in Northern Wuling Mountains Region

作　　者：李春霖 顿春垚 姚小华 单丹丹 陈伟 万松胜 LI Chunlin;DUNChunyao;YAO Xiaohua;SHANDandan;CHEN wei;WAN Songsheng(Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Academy of Forestry,Hubei Enshi 445000;Chongqing Wuling Mountain Camellia Research Institute Co.,Ltd,Chongqing Youyang 409800;Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Zhejiang Hangzhou311400)

机构地区：[1]恩施土家族苗族自治州林业科学研究院,湖北恩施445000 [2]重庆武陵山油茶研究院有限公司,重庆酉阳409800 [3]国家林草油茶工程技术研究中心,浙江杭州311400

出　　处：《林业科技》2024年第6期17-21,共5页Forestry Science & Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目课题“酉阳县油茶产业绿色高效生产技术集成示范”(2022YFD1601402);中央财政林业科技推广示范项目“恩施州油茶低产林改造技术推广示范”(鄂[2023]TG09号)。

摘　　要：油茶采摘时间的确定是保证种植加工效益最大化的关键因素,为弄清不同品种油茶在武陵山北部地区的油脂转化规律,以‘长林3号’、‘长林4号’、‘长林40号’、‘长林53号’等4个良种油茶果实为研究对象,在10月初至11月初分4次采集其果实进行经济性状测定并分析。结果表明,10月18日之后,‘长林3号’、‘长林4号’、‘长林53号’三个品种油茶鲜果出籽率、鲜果出干籽率、干籽出仁率等经济指标变化趋于平稳,10月18日之后,四个油茶品种果油率呈逐渐上升趋势。The determination of harvesting time is a crucial factor in maximizing the benefits of planting and processing Camellia oleifera trees.To understand the oil conversion patterns of different Camellia oleifera varieties in the northern Wuling Mountains region,this study focused on four excellent Camellia oleifera varieties('Changlin 3','Changlin 4','Changlin 40',and'Changlin 53').Fruit samples were collected four times from early October to early November for economic parameter measurements and analysis.The results revealed that after October 18th,the economic indicators,including fresh fruit seed rate,fresh fruit dry seed rate,and dry seed to kernel rate,stabilized for'Changlin 3','Changlin 4',and'Changlin 53'.Furthermore,after October 18th,the fruit oil rate gradually increased for all four Camellia oleifera clones.Providing valuable guidance for Camellia oleifera cultivation and management in the Wuling Mountains and surrounding regions.

关 键 词：油茶 采摘时间 果油率 动态变化 干仁含油率 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]