基于PIV实验研究带破口双层圆柱结构附近气泡的动力学特性  

Bubble Dynamics Characteristics Near Double-Layer Cylindrical Structures with a Hole Based on PIV Experiments

作　　者：孙远翔[1] 秦嘉鸿 陈岩武 王成[1] SUN Yuanxiang;QIN Jiahong;CHEN Yanwu;WANG Cheng(State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与安全防护全国重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《高压物理学报》2024年第6期50-65,共16页Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12141201,12221002)。

摘　　要：近场水下爆炸冲击波破坏双壳体潜艇外壳结构后,后续的气泡脉动和射流载荷会对潜艇的内壳体继续造成严重毁伤,因此研究破口附近的气泡脉动和气泡载荷特性具有重要意义。基于受冲击波毁伤后的双壳体潜艇结构,制作预制圆形破口的双层圆柱结构模型,将电火花装置作为气泡发生源,开展了不同爆距参数(爆距与气泡的最大直径之比)和不同破口参数(破口直径与气泡的最大直径之比)条件下气泡与带破口双层圆柱结构的相互作用实验。通过高速摄影机捕捉气泡在双层圆柱结构附近的脉动和射流形成过程,采用粒子图像测速技术对爆炸流场速度进行测试,得到气泡溃灭后产生的水射流速度,同时采用压力传感器测量内层圆柱壳壁面处的压力载荷。实验结果表明:爆距参数决定了内板壁面所受压力的载荷形式、气泡溃灭后是否产生有效射流以及产生的射流速度;当爆距参数在一定范围内时,破口参数影响气泡的脉动以及气泡溃灭后产生的水射流方向。After the outer shell of the double-shell submarine is damaged by the near-field underwater explosion shock wave,the subsequent bubble pulsation and jet load will continue to cause serious damage to the inner shell of the submarine.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the characteristics of bubble pulsation and bubble load near the hole.Based on the double-shell submarine structure damaged by the shock wave,a double-layer cylindrical structure model with a prefabricated circular hole is made.Using an electric spark device as the bubble generator,the interaction experiments between bubbles and double-layer cylindrical structure with a hole under different explosion distance parameters(the ratio of explosion distance to the maximum diameter of bubbles)and different hole parameters(the ratio of hole diameter to the maximum diameter of bubbles)are carried out.A high-speed camera is used to capture the bubble pulsation and jet formation process near the double-layer cylindrical structure.The particle image velocimetry technology is used to test the velocity of the explosion flow field to obtain the jet velocity after the bubble collapse.At the same time,a pressure sensor is used to measure the pressure load on the inner cylindrical shell wall.The experimental results show that the detonation distance parameters determine the form of pressure load on the inner wall,whether effective jet is generated after the bubble collapse,and the jet velocity.When the detonation distance parameters are within a certain range,the hole parameters will affect the bubble pulsation and the direction of the water jet generated after the bubble collapse.

关 键 词：水下爆炸 气泡脉动 气泡射流 粒子图像测速技术 

分 类 号：O383[理学—流体力学] O521.9[理学—力学]