十一种杀虫剂对不同虫态番茄潜叶蛾的室内毒力  

Toxicity of eleven insecticides to different development stages of Tuta absoluta

作　　者：夏小菊 包强[2] 颜越 郭文秀 李丽莉[1] 吕素洪 崔洪莹 宋莹莹 门兴元[1] XIA Xiao-Ju;BAO Qiang;YAN Yue;GUO Wen-Xiu;LI Li-Li;LÜ Su-Hong;CUI Hong-Ying;SONG Ying-Ying;MEN Xing-Yuan(Shandong Key Laboratory for Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China;Tea Research Institute,Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science,Changsha 410125,China;Shandong Agricultural Ecology and Resource Protection Station,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,山东省农业有害生物绿色防控重点实验室,济南250100 [2]湖南省农业科学院茶叶研究所,长沙410125 [3]山东省农业生态与资源保护总站,济南250100

出　　处：《应用昆虫学报》2024年第4期772-781,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology

基　　金：山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程(CXGC2024D05)。

摘　　要：【目的】比较11种杀虫剂对不同虫态番茄潜叶蛾Tura absoluta的毒力效果,筛选出高效杀虫剂种类,为当前番茄潜叶蛾的科学防治提供用药参考。【方法】在室内采用浸叶法、浸虫法和药膜法,分别测定11种杀虫剂对番茄潜叶蛾卵、幼虫、蛹和成虫的毒力。【结果】11种杀虫剂中,仅甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(甲维盐)对卵的毒力较高,致死中浓度(LC_(50))为21.458 mg a.i./L;对幼虫毒力效果好的药剂种类相对较多,其中毒力较高的药剂包括氯虫苯甲酰胺、阿维菌素、乙基多杀菌素、溴氰虫酰胺、虫螨腈、四唑虫酰胺和甲维盐,LC_(50)值分别为0.384、0.398、0.847、1.851、3.173、3.748和3.959 mg a.i./L;对蛹的毒力普遍较低,毒力相对较高的药剂有乙基多杀菌素、甲维盐、虫螨腈和氯虫苯甲酰胺,LC_(50)值分别为31.823、35.811、52.641和58.627 mg a.i./L;虫螨腈和乙基多杀菌素对成虫表现出较高毒力,其次为溴氰虫酰胺、甲维盐和高效氯氟氰菊酯,LC_(50)值分别为1.434、7.208、37.539、46.395和49.021 mg a.i./L。【结论】番茄潜叶蛾发生初期,可根据主要虫态选择高毒力的药剂进行防治,卵期可使用甲维盐,幼虫期可选用氯虫苯甲酰胺、阿维菌素和乙基多杀菌素,蛹期可考虑乙基多杀菌素、甲维盐、虫螨腈和氯虫苯甲酰胺,对于成虫,可选择虫螨腈和乙基多杀菌素;随着发生时间推移,番茄潜叶蛾世代重叠,田间往往同时存在成虫、卵和幼虫,综合考虑各种药剂对不同虫态的毒力表现,可选择对幼虫和成虫毒力均较高且对蛹也有一定毒力的药剂进行轮换施用,比如甲维盐和阿维菌素,以延缓番茄潜叶蛾的抗药性发展。[Aim]To determine the toxicity of eleven insecticides to the eggs,larvae,pupae and adults of Tuta absoluta.[Methods]The leaf-dipping,pupae-dipping and film methods,were used to determine the toxicities of 11 insecticides to the eggs,larvae,pupae and adults of T.absoluta.[Results]Among the 11 insecticides tested,only emamectin benzoate had relatively high toxicity to eggs(LC_(50)=21.458 mg a.i./L).However,several(chlorantraniliprole,avermectin,spinetoram,cyantraniliprole,chlorfenapyr,tetraniliprole and emamectin benzoate)were highly toxic to larvae with LC_(50)’s of 0.384,0.398,0.847,1.851,3.173,3.748 and 3.959 mg a.i./L,respectively.Toxicity of the eleven insecticides tested to pupae was generally low,although spinetoram,emamectin benzoate,chlorfenapyr and chlorantraniliprole had LC_(50)’s of 31.823,35.811,52.641 and 58.627 mg a.i./L respectively.Only chlorfenapyr and spinetoram were highly toxic to adults,followed by cyantraniliprole,emamectin benzoate,and cyhalothrin,with LC_(50)’s of 1.434,7.208,37.539,46.395 and 49.021 mg a.i./L,respectively.[Conclusion]During the early period of T.absoluta occurrence,insecticides should be selected according to the predominant developmental stage present.Emamectin benzoate could be used for egg inhibition;chlorantraniliprole,avermectin,spinetoram could be used for larval control;spinetoram,emamectin benzoate,chlorfenapyr and chlorantraniliprole could be selected for pupal control;while chlorfenapyr and spinetoram could be used for adult control.However,over time,generational overlap will cause adults,eggs and larvae to coexist on tomato plants in the field.Insecticides with high toxicity to the developmental stages mentioned above,such as emamectin benzoate and avermectin,should be used in rotation to delay the development of resistance in T.absoluta.

关 键 词：番茄潜叶蛾 虫态 杀虫剂 毒力 化学防治 

分 类 号：S433.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]