施肥对落叶松种子园母树叶片生长与光合特性的影响  

Effects of Fertilization on Leaf Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Mother Trees in Larch Seed Orchard

作　　者：毛沂新[1,2] 颜廷武 卜鹏图[1,3] 孙丽娟[3] 冯健 MAO Yixin;YAN Tingwu;BU Pengtu;SUN Lijuan;FENG Jian(Liaoning Academy of Forestry Science,Shenyang 110032,China;Da Gu Jia Forest Farm,State-owned Qingyuan Manchu Autonomous County,Fushun 113300,China;Liaoning Bingla Mountain Forest Ecosystem National Research Station,Tieling 112400,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省林业科学研究院,沈阳110032 [2]国有清原满族自治县大孤家林场,抚顺113300 [3]辽宁冰砬山森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,铁岭112400

出　　处：《内蒙古农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期22-27,共6页Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD220030204);辽宁省农业科学院学科建设项目(2022DD217036)。

摘　　要：为探究施肥对落叶松叶片生长与光合特性的影响,本文选取落叶松2代种子园母树作为研究对象,采用正交试验设计,施用不同配比N肥、P肥和K肥作为试验处理,测定分析落叶松叶片的生物量、SPAD、净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)最大光化学效率。结果表明:施肥促进了落叶松叶片生物量、SPAD、Pn、Gs、Tr和PSⅡ最大光化学效率的提升,施肥处理相对于CK(不施肥)最高分别提升了28.10%、10.64%、816.42%、123.08%、65.94%和1.33%。相关分析表明叶片净光合速率与SPAD、气孔导度和蒸腾速率呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与叶片生物量呈显著正相关(0.01≤P<0.05);气孔导度与蒸腾速率呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。联合施用较高水平剂量N、P、K可以有效促进该地区的落叶松叶片的生长发育和光合作用。落叶松种子园施肥优方案为N肥0.6 kg/株、P肥0.8 kg/株、K肥0.6 kg/株。In order to investigate the effect of fertilization on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of larch leaves,the 2nd generation seed orchard of larch was selected as the research object.The orthogonal experiment design method was used to apply different ratios of N,P and K fertilizers as experimental treatments.The biomass,SPAD value,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr),stomatal conductance(Gs),and the maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystemⅡ(PSⅡ)of larch leaves were measured and analyzed,so as to explore the effects of fertilization on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of larch leaves.The results showed that fertilizer application promoted the enhancement of maximum photochemical efficiency of larch leaf biomass,SPAD,Pn,Gs,Tr and PSⅡ,with the highest increase of 28.10%,10.64%,816.42%,123.08%,65.94%,and 1.33%in the fertilization treatments compared to the CK group(no fertilization).The correlation analysis showed that leaf net photosynthetic rate was significantly positively correlated with the SPAD,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate(P<0.01),and positively correlated with the leaf biomass(0.01≤P<0.05).The stomatal conductance was significantly positively correlated with the transpiration rate(P<0.01).Combined application of N,P and K at higher levels could effectively promote the growth and photosynthesis of larch leaves in test areas.The optimal fertilization scheme for larch seed orchard was N fertilizer of 0.6 kg per plant,P fertilizer of 0.8 kg per plant,and K fertilizer of 0.6 kg per plant.

关 键 词：落叶松 光合特性 种子园 施肥 

分 类 号：S722[农业科学—林木遗传育种]