2015—2022年河北省健康人群脑膜炎奈瑟菌带菌现状  

Carriage situation of Neisseria meningitidis among healthy population in Hebei Province from 2015 to 2022

作　　者：曹玉雯[1] 王乐雨 张海霞[1] 贾肇一[1] 何宝花[1] 王若璇 孙印旗[1] Cao Yuwen;Wang Leyu;Zhang Haixia;Jia Zhaoyi;He Baohua;Wang Ruoxuan;Sun Yinqi(Institute for Bacteria Disease Prevention and Control&Disinfection,Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Epidemiology of Infection Diseases,Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shijiazhuang 050021,China;School of Public Health,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省疾病预防控制中心细菌病防治与消毒所,河北省传染病病原鉴定分析与流行病学重点实验室,石家庄050021 [2]华北理工大学公共卫生学院,唐山063210

出　　处：《中华微生物学和免疫学杂志》2024年第10期893-898,共6页Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology

基　　金：河北省医学科学研究课题计划(20200683)。

摘　　要：目的了解河北省健康人群脑膜炎奈瑟菌(Neisseria meningitidis,Nm)的带菌现状,为流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑)防治提供科学依据。方法2015—2022年在全省11个设区市,按年龄分层采取整群随机抽样方式采集健康人群咽拭子,通过细菌分离培养监测Nm阳性率,并将阳性Nm株进行分群。结合流行病学调查资料对菌株检出情况进行分析。结果2015—2022年共监测20245人,分离Nm菌株249株,人群脑膜炎奈瑟菌总带菌率为1.23%;总带菌率男性高于女性且差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=28.831,P<0.05);不同年龄组检出阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=428.018,P<0.05),以15~19岁年龄组人群检出率最高(4.90%,149/3042);不同地区人群带菌率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=177.512,P<0.05),阳性率最高的地区依次为邢台、石家庄、承德和保定市;Nm中不可分群菌株占71.49%(178/249),B群占13.65%(34/249),C群占6.83%(17/249),W群占4.42%(11/249)。结论河北省流脑健康人群带菌率总体较低,建议继续加强监测,关注血清群变迁情况和分布特点,科学且有针对性地制定流脑防控措施。ObjectiveTo investigate the carriage status of Neisseria meningitidis(Nm)among the healthy population in Hebei Province for the prevention and control of meningitis.MethodsFrom 2015 to 2022,throat swabs were collected from health people,which were selected by cluster random sampling in 11 cities of Hebei.The positive rate of Nm was detected by bacterial culture.The serogroups of isolated strains were identified.The laboratory detection results of Nm strains,combined with epidemiological survey data,were synthetically analyzed.ResultsA total of 20245 people were investigated;249 strains of Nm were isolated;the overall Nm carriage rate was 1.23%.The carriage rate was significantly higher in men than in women(χ^(2)=28.831,P<0.05).The positive rates of Nm in different age groups were significantly different(χ^(2)=428.018,P<0.05),with the highest rates in the 15-19 year-old group(4.90%,149/3042).The positive rates of Nm were significantly different in different regions(χ^(2)=177.512,P<0.05),with the highest positive rate of Nm in Xingtai,Shijiazhuang,Chengde and Baoding city in sequence.Among the isolated Nm strains,ungroupable serogroups,serogroup B,serogroup C,and serogroup W accounted for 71.49%(178/249),13.65%(34/249),6.83%(17/249)and 4.42%(11/249),respectively.ConclusionsThe carriage rate of Nm among healthy population is generally low in Hebei Province.It is recommended to continue to strengthen monitoring,pay attention to the changes and distribution characteristics of Nm,and formulate scientific and targeted prevention and control measures of meningococcal disease.

关 键 词：脑膜炎奈瑟菌 健康人群 带菌率 

分 类 号：R515.2[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]