福建省2020—2023年手足口病相关柯萨奇病毒A组16型的分子流行病学研究  

Molecular epidemiology of coxsackievirus A16 associated with hand,foot and mouth disease in Fujian province,China from 2020 to 2023

作　　者：李林丰 李淑婧 何文祥[2] 翁育伟[1,2] 朱颖[2] 陈炜 Li Linfeng;Li Shujing;He Wenxiang;Weng Yuwei;Zhu Ying;Chen Wei(School of Public Health,Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou 350100,China;Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research,Fuzhou 350012,China)

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学公共卫生学院,福州350100 [2]福建省疾病预防控制中心,福建省人兽共患病研究重点实验室,福州350012

出　　处：《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》2024年第5期547-551,共5页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology

基　　金：福建省疾病预防控制中心科研专项项目(NO.2022QN01)。

摘　　要：目的了解2020—2023年间柯萨奇病毒A组16型(coxsackievirus A16,CVA16)在福建省的分子流行病学特征。方法对2020—2023年福建省CVA16相关手足口病(hand,foot and mouth disease,HFMD)进行流行病学特征分析;RT-PCR扩增CVA16完整VP1基因并进行序列测定,采用MEGA X等软件进行CVA16的遗传进化分析。结果福建省2020—2023年合计13120份HFMD病例,CVA16相关HFMD构成比为16.5%(2160/13120),其中,2020—2023年各年度分别占4.7%(94/2019)、14.1%(457/3243)、47.6%(1521/3199)、1.9%(88/4659)。CVA16引起HFMD患者主要集中在1~5岁儿童,3岁居多。获取的福建省2020—2023年92条完整CVA16 VP1基因序列遗传进化和基因型特征分析显示,福建省CVA16毒株与原型株遗传距离较远;2020—2023年福建省CVA16基因型存在B1a、B1b、B1c三种基因进化分支,其中,福建省2020年B1a与B1b构成比各占40%和60%;2021年B1a与B1b各占81.8%和18.2%;2022年仅有B1a;2023年有B1a、B1b与B1c,分别占44.4%、7.4%、48.2%,1~9月以B1a为主要流行株,10月后福建省既往未曾发现且在国内罕见的B1c被检出,并成为优势基因分支。结论福建省CVA16优势基因进化分支从2020年的B1b逐渐转变为2021—2023年的B1a。2023年10月后,福建省新发现的B1c成为本省优势基因进化分支。ObjectiveTo investigate the molecular epidemiological characteristics of coxsackievirus A16(CVA16)in Fujian province from 2020 to 2023.MethodsThe epidemiological characteristics of CVA16 associated hand,food and mouth disease(HFMD)in Fujian province from 2020 to 2023 was analyzed.The complete VP1 gene of CVA16 was amplified by RT-PCR and then sequenced,and genetic evolution was analyzed by MEGA X and other softwares.ResultsFrom 2020 to 2023,there were 13120 cases of HFMD in Fujian province,and the proportion of HFMD which caused by CVA16 was 16.5%(2160/13120).From 2020 to 2023,the proportion of accounted cases was 4.7%(94/2019),14.1%(457/3243),47.6%(1521/3199)and 1.9%(88/4659)respectively.HFMD caused by CVA16 was mainly concentrated in children aged 1 to 5 years,and most of them were 3 years old.The genetic evolution and genotype analysis of 92 complete VP1 gene sequences obtained from 2020 to 2023 showed that the genetic distance between CVA16 strains in Fujian province and the prototype strain was far away.The CVA16 genotype in Fujian province from 2020 to 2023 has three clusters of B1a,B1b and B1c,among which the composition ratio of B1a and B1b in Fujian province in 2020 was 40%and 60%respectively.In 2021,B1a and B1b accounted for 81.8%and 18.2%respectively.Only B1a in 2022;in 2023,there were B1a,B1b and B1c,which respectively accounted for 44.4%,7.4%and 48.2%.During the period from January to September,B1a was the main cluster.After October we observed an emergence of B1c cluster,which had never been found in Fujian province and was rare in China,was detected and became the dominant cluster.ConclusionsThe evolutionary cluster of CVA16 dominant changed from B1b in 2020 to B1a in 2021-2023.After October 2023,the newly discovered B1c became the dominant cluster in Fujian province.

关 键 词：手足口病 柯萨奇病毒A16 分子流行病学 B1c遗传进化分支 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]