基于熵权法的模糊卡诺分析模型评估铁合金冶炼业职工健康知识需求  

Assessment of health knowledge needs of workers in the ferroalloy industry using fuzzy kano analysis with entropy weight method

作　　者：陆成全 王东红[1] 王健[1] 佐月[1] 王琬 储乐 金浩[1] LU Chengquan;WANG Donghong;WANG Jian;ZUO Yue;WANG Wan;CHU Le;JIN Hao(Jinzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jinzhou,Liaoning 121001,China)

机构地区：[1]锦州市疾病预防控制中心,辽宁锦州121001

出　　处：《职业卫生与应急救援》2024年第5期593-598,共6页Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue

摘　　要：目的了解铁合金冶炼业职工健康知识需求现况,提升职工的健康素养,制定精准高效的健康干预措施。方法2023年8—9月,利用分层随机抽样方法,选取某铁合金冶炼企业员工为调查对象,通过自制的健康知识需求问卷,对其12项健康知识需求开展线上调查。邀请6名相关领域专家对不同健康知识需求类型进行主观权重赋值,并采用熵权法的模糊卡诺分析(fuzzy kano analysis with entropy weight method,FKANO-EWM)模型对结果进行分析。结果发放问卷170份,有159名调查对象完成调查,有效应答率为93.53%。职工对所有12项健康知识的需求可归类为基本型需求(M)、兴奋型需求(A)和期望型需求(O)。专家对3种需求类型的主观权重计分结果分别为μ_(M)=0.283、μ_(O)=0.337、μ_(A)=0.380。基于主观权重和熵权法的客观权重的综合权重计算结果显示:期望型需求中“安全与急救”和“慢性病防治”的权重最高(分别为0.137、0.134),其次是基本型需求中的“传染病防治知识”(权重为0.107),兴奋型需求中“健康生活方式与行为”“食品营养知识”“提供膳食相关知识”也都比较重要(权重均为0.087)。结论铁合金冶炼业职工对各项健康知识的需求都比较关注。需要重点注重安全与急救、慢性病防治、传染病防治健康生活方式与行为以及食品营养等方面的知识在企业职工间的普及、传播和培训。Objective To investigate the current status of the health knowledge needs among workers in the ferroalloy industry,enhance their health literacy,and develop targeted and effective health intervention measures.Methods A stratified random sampling method was employed to select employees from a ferroalloy enterprise for this study during August to September 2023.A self-designed health knowledge needs questionnaire was used to conduct an online survey on 12 aspects of health knowledge needs.Six experts in the relevant field were invited to assign subjective weights to different types of health knowledge needs.A fuzzy Kano analysis with entropy weight method(FKANO-EWM)model was used to analyze the results.Results A total of 159 valid questionnaires were collected from 170 distributed questionnaires,with an effective response rate of 93.53%.The workers’needs for all 12 aspects of health knowledge could be classified into must-be(M),attractive(A),and one-dimensional(O)types.The subjective weights assigned by experts to the three types of needs wereμ_(M)=0.283,μ_(O)=0.337,andμ_(A)=0.380,respectively.Based on subjective weights and objective weights of the entropy weight method,the results of the comprehensive weight calculation show that the highest weights were found for“safety and first aid”and“chronic disease prevention”in the one-dimensional types(0.137 and 0.134,respectively),followed by“infectious disease prevention knowledge”in the must-be category(weight 0.107).In the attractive category,“healthy lifestyle and behaviors,”“food nutrition knowledge,”and“provision of diet-related knowledge”were also considered important(weight 0.087,respectively).Conclusions The workers in the ferroalloy industry showed significant concerns for various aspects of health knowledge.It is necessary to focus on popularizing,promoting,and training knowledge about safety and first aid,chronic disease prevention,infectious disease prevention,and healthy lifestyles and behaviors,as well as food nutrition,among e

关 键 词：铁合金冶炼业 健康知识 需求 熵权法 模糊卡诺分析 健康生活方式 健康教育 

分 类 号：R132[医药卫生—劳动卫生] R193[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]