2018—2023年重庆市疑似职业病报告结果分析  

Analysis of reporting results of cases with suspected occupational disease in Chongqing from 2018 to 2023

作　　者：徐川翔 王小皙[1] 赵奇[1] 邱翠娟 金楠[1] XU Chuanxiang;WANG Xiaoxi;ZHAO Qi;QIU Cuijuan;JIN Nan(Department of Occupational Health and Radiological Health,Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 400707,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与放射卫生所,重庆400707

出　　处：《职业卫生与应急救援》2024年第5期599-604,610,共7页Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue

基　　金：重庆市卫生健康委医学科研项目(2023WSJK106);重庆市首批公共卫生重点学科(专科)(渝卫办发[2022]72号)。

摘　　要：目的分析2018—2023年重庆市疑似职业病报告情况,为卫生健康主管部门预判职业病发病风险提供数据支撑。方法根据“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”子系统“职业病及健康危害因素监测信息系统”中导出的2018—2023年报告到重庆市的疑似职业病报告卡,结合重庆市统计局公布的历年各行业从业人员数,从人口学特征、报告年份、病种、地区、企业规模、经济类型、行业类别等方面进行数据汇总和统计学分析。结果2018—2023年重庆市共报告9608例疑似职业病,涉及《职业病分类和目录》中的7大类30种职业病。疑似职业病数量在总体上有随年份而下降的趋势,但疑似职业性噪声聋占比有上升趋势。疑似职业病病例分布在重庆市所辖39个区县,男性9164例(占95.38%),女性444例(占4.62%),多报告于40~59岁年龄段(8684例,占90.38%)。病种主要为疑似职业性尘肺病及其他呼吸系统疾病(6076例,占63.23%),以煤工尘肺为主(2708例,占44.56%);疑似职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病3241例(占33.73%),以噪声聋为主(3232例,占99.72%);疑似职业性化学中毒281例(占2.92%),以苯中毒为主(214例,占76.16%)。疑似职业病病例在主城新区、采矿业和制造业、中小微型和私营企业最为常见。2018—2022年疑似职业病总体发病率居前5位的行业依次为采矿业(145.063‱),制造业(3.086‱),电力、热力、燃气及水生产和供应业(0.739‱),科学研究和技术服务业(0.329‱),水利、环境和公共设施管理业(0.227‱)。采矿业各年疑似职业病发病率均居首位,制造业是检出疑似职业病病种最多的行业。外商投资以及港、澳、台商投资企业,小型、微型企业疑似职业病报告例数占比在2022、2023年有所升高。结论噪声聋已代替尘肺病成为重庆市最主要的疑似职业病,矽肺已代替煤工尘肺成为疑似职业性尘肺病中最主要的病种。重庆市在职业病防治工作中须�Objective To understand the situation of reported cases with suspected occupational diseases in Chongqing from 2018 to 2023,providing data support for health authorities to predict the risk of occupational diseases.Methods The data of suspected occupational disease reports in Chongqing from 2018 to 2023 were extracted from the“Occupational Disease and Health Hazard Monitoring Information System”subsystem of the“China Disease Prevention and Control Information System.”These data were combined with the annual employment statistics of various industries published by the Chongqing Statistics Bureau.Statistical analysis was conducted on demographic characteristics,report year,disease type,region,enterprise size,economic type,and industry category.Results From 2018 to 2023,a total of 9608 suspected occupational disease cases were reported in Chongqing,involving 30 types of occupational diseases across 7 major categories listed in the“Classification and Catalogue of Occupational Diseases.”The overall number of suspected occupational diseases showed a declining trend over the years,but the proportion of suspected occupational noise-induced hearing loss increased.The cases were distributed across 39 districts and counties in Chongqing,with 9164 male cases(95.38%)and 444 female cases(4.62%),predominantly reported in the 40 to 59 age group(8684 cases,90.38%).The main disease types were suspected occupational pneumoconiosis and other respiratory diseases(6076 cases,63.23%),primarily coal workers’pneumoconiosis(2708 cases,44.56%);suspected occupational ear,nose,throat,and oral diseases(3241 cases,33.73%),mainly noise-induced hearing loss(3232 cases,99.72%);and suspected occupational chemical poisoning(281 cases,2.92%),mainly benzene poisoning(214 cases,76.16%).Suspected occupational disease cases were most common in the new areas of the main city,in mining and manufacturing,in medium,small and micro enterprises,and in private enterprises.From 2018 to 2022,the top five industries with the highest incidence rates

关 键 词：疑似职业病 职业健康检查 职业病危害 职业病防治 发病率 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生] R132[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]