季节性因素调控小麦开花时间的分子与表观遗传机制  

Molecular Epigenetic Understanding of Seasonal Regulation of Flowering Time in Wheat

作　　者：牛德 何跃辉 NIU De;HE Yue-hui(State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement,Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences,Weifang 261325;School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100091)

机构地区：[1]潍坊现代农业山东省实验室北京大学现代农业研究院小麦育种全国重点实验室,潍坊261325 [2]北京大学现代农学院,北京100871

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2024年第10期30-40,共11页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32330007)。

摘　　要：小麦(Triticum aestivum,AABBDD)是全球范围内重要的粮食作物之一,也是我国仅次于水稻的第二大粮食作物。小麦的广适性和生态类型多样性与其开花时间密切相关,而开花时间也是决定小麦产量及品质的一个重要的农艺性状。冬季的持续低温和春夏的长日照是确保冬小麦适时开花结实的两个关键季节性因素,小麦分别通过春化作用路径和光周期调控路径来感知并响应这两种环境信号,从而适时开花结实。本文分别对小麦春化途径和光周期调控途径进行了概述,对目前研究不足进行了分析,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。Wheat(Triticum aestivum,AABBDD)is one of the most important food crops in the world,and is also the second staple food crop in China.The wide adaptability and ecological diversity of wheat varieties is partly determined by their flowering time.Furthermore,flowering time is an important agronomic trait that partly determines the yield and quality of wheat grain.Prolonged cold exposure in winte(r winter cold)and increasing daylengths in spring and early summer are two key seasonal factors that ensure winter wheat flowering and bearing fruit at the proper time.The vernalization and photoperiodic pathways have been evolved in winter wheat to integrate the signals of winter cold and daylength changes with developmental state,leading to the floral transition at a proper season for seed production.In this review,we summarize molecular epigenetic progresses on wheat flowering-time regulation,discuss unsolved issues as well as prospects future directions in this field.

关 键 词：春化 光周期 小麦开花时间调控 VRN1 PPD1 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]