1975—2020年黄河“几字弯”沙漠化时空变化  

Spatio-temporal changes of aeolian desertification in the Jiziwan of the Yellow River from 1975 to 2020

作　　者：李森 杨宗英[2] 赵鸿雁 那仁图雅[2] 安桂香 谢家丽 贾晓鹏 颜长珍 Li Sen;Yang Zongying;Zhao Hongyan;Narentuya;An Guixiang;Xie Jiali;Jia Xiaopeng;Yan Changzhen(Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Climate and Eco-Environment Assessment Center,Alxa League Meteorological Bureau,Alxa Left Banner 750300,Inner Mongolia,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Gansu Water Resources and Hydropower Survey,Design and Research Institute Co.,LTD.,Lanzhou 730030,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]阿拉善盟气象局气候生态环境评估中心,内蒙古阿拉善左旗750300 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]甘肃省水利水电勘测设计研究院有限责任公司,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2024年第5期13-22,共10页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42007430,42271018);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2021GG0400);内蒙古自治区科技成果转化专项资金项目(2021CG0046);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(22JR5RA077)。

摘　　要：黄河“几字弯”是新时代“三北”工程防沙治沙的核心区域,是黄河中下游泥沙的主要源区,而作为新提出的荒漠化综合防治战略区域,其沙漠化发展规律和驱动因素尚不清楚。基于Landsat影像,采用面向对象与目视解译结合方法,解译了“几字弯”1975—2020年土地沙漠化数据,并定量分析沙漠化的时空变化及其驱动因素。结果表明:“几字弯”沙漠化土地变化以2000年为时间节点呈现先发展后逆转的态势,2020年的沙漠化程度已逆转到与1975年的程度相当,但沙漠化面积仅逆转到接近1990年的面积。空间格局上,1975—2000年表现为局部逆转,整体恶化;2000—2020年则为整体逆转,局部恶化,恶化区域主要在毛乌素沙地鄂托克旗中部。气候变化和人类活动共同作用主导该区域沙漠化变化,但气候变化贡献率远高于人类活动。The Jiziwan of the Yellow River is the core area of the Three North Projects in the modern age,which plays a significant role in supplying sediment to the middle and lower portions of the Yellow River.However,as a newly proposed comprehensive strategy region for controlling desertification,the development characteristics and driving factors of desertification in Jiziwan of the Yellow River remain unknown.Based on Landsat series images in Jiziwan of the Yellow River from 1975 to 2020,the desertification data of this study were interpreted using a combination of object-oriented and visual interpretation methods,and the spatio-temporal changes of desertification and its driving factors were quantitatively analyzed.The main conclusions are as follows:(1) Temporally,with 2000 serving as the time node,the trend of desertified land in Jiziwan of the Yellow River,began to shift initially and subsequently reversed.The extent of desertification has reversed to be comparable with that in 1975,but the desertified area has only reversed to the level of 1990.(2) Spatially,there was partial reversal but overall deterioration between 1975 and 2000,and general reversal with localized deterioration between 2000 and 2020,mostly in the middle of the Otok Banner in the Mu Us Sandy Land.(3) Changes in desertification in this region are jointly governed by climate change and human activity,but the contribution rate of climate change is substantially higher than that of human activities.The research results can provide support for combating desertification in Jiziwan of the Yellow River and the ecological protection,as well as promoting ecological conservation and high-quality development of the Yellow River.

关 键 词：沙漠化 驱动力 气候变化 黄河“几字弯” 

分 类 号：P931.3[天文地球—自然地理学]