新冠前后我国重大疫情应急处置目标设置状况变化  

Changes in target setting for major epidemic emergency response in China before and after COVID-19 epidemic:an official documents analysis

作　　者：李雨书 施培武[2,15] 沈群红 张朝阳[4,15] 陈政 蒲川 徐凌忠[7,15] 胡志 马安宁[9,15] 龚朝晖 徐天强[11,15] 王磐石 汪华[13,15] 郝超 周庆誉 李程跃 郝模 LI Yushu;SHI Peiwu;SHEN Qunhong;ZHANG Chaoyang;CHEN Zheng;PU Chuan;XU Lingzhong;HU Zhi;MA Anning;GONG Zhaohui;XU Tianqiang;WANG Panshi;WANG Hua;HAO Chao;ZHOU Qingyu;LI Chengyue;HAO Mo(Research Center for Health Development Strategy,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China;Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences,Hangzhou 310012,China;School of Public Policy and Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Project Evaluation Center,National Health Commission,Beijing 100044,China;Grassroots Public Health Management Group,Public Health Management Branch,Chinese Preventive Medicine Association,Shanghai 201800,China;School of Public Health and Management,Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China;School of Public Health,Shandong University,Jinan 250012,China;Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032,China;Shangdong Second Medical University,Jining 272067,China;Medical and Health Professional Committee,Central Committee of China Zhi Gong Party,Beijing 100011,China;Shanghai Municipal Health Supervision Institute,Shanghai 200031,China;Shanghai Municipal Health Commission,Shanghai 200031,China;Jiangsu Preventive Medicine Association,Nanjing 210009,China;Changzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changzhou 213003,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学卫生发展战略研究中心,上海200032 [2]浙江省医学科学院,杭州310012 [3]清华大学公共管理学院,北京100084 [4]国家卫生健康委员会项目评价中心,北京100044 [5]中华预防医学会公共卫生管理分会基层公共卫生管理学组,上海201800 [6]重庆医科大学公共卫生与管理学院,重庆400016 [7]山东大学公共卫生学院,济南250012 [8]安徽医科大学,合肥230032 [9]山东第二医科大学,潍坊261053 [10]致公党中央医药卫生专业委员会,北京100011 [11]上海卫生健康委员会监督所,上海200031 [12]上海市卫生健康委员会,上海200031 [13]江苏省预防医学会,南京210009 [14]常州市疾病预防控制中心,常州21300 [15]健康风险预警治理协同创新中心,上海200032

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2024年第10期1225-1229,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划项目(GWIV–32;GWV–12)。

摘　　要：目的分析新冠疫情前后我国重大疾病疫情应急处置的目标提升程度变化,总结优势与不足,为提高我国重大疾病疫情应急处置目标设置水平提供依据。方法系统收集中国内地31个省(自治区、直辖市,以下简称为“内地31省”)2000—2020年公开发布的与重大疫情防控相关的规划、法律法规、工作方案等政策文件共计3864份,摘录目标设置有关内容,计算重大疾病应急处置目标设置与公众需要相匹配的程度(每年新增目标在上一年基础上累计计算,重复目标不赋值参与计算),并用配对秩和检验对疫情发生前后的指标差异进行统计检验。结果新冠疫情发生前(累计至2019年)和新冠发生后(累计至2020年)我国重大疾病疫情应急处置的目标设置与公众需要匹配程度由79.7%提升至91.3%,提升幅度为14.6%,其中东部和西部地区分别由81.2%、78.3%提升至93%、90.1%,提升幅度分别为14.5%和15.1%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。一级预防目标与公众需要匹配程度全国水平由36.9%提升至46.4%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),二级预防目标、三级预防目标与公众需要匹配程度各地区及全国水平在新冠前后差异均无统计学意义。结论我国重大疾病疫情应急处置目标设置与公众需要匹配程度进一步提升,区域间水平较均衡,一级预防目标与公众需要匹配程度提升水平显著。Objective To analyze changes in target setting for emergency response to major disease epidemics in China before and after the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,summarize strengths and weaknesses in target setting,and provide a basis for improving target setting for emergency response to major disease epidemics in China.Methods We systematically retrieved a total of 3864 policy documents(including plans,laws and regulations,and work programs)related to the prevention and control of major epidemics issued by government agencies of 31 provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs)in Chinese mainland from 2000 to 2020.Relevant target content was extracted and the degree of consistency between emergency response targets for major diseases and public demand was calculated(the newly added targets are calculated on a cumulative basis from the precious year,and no value is assigned for duplicates).Paired rank sum tests were used to statistically test for differences in indicators before and after the epidemic.Results The consistency between the overall goal of emergency response to major disease epidemics and public needs in China increased from 79.7%by 2019(before COVID-19)to 91.3%in by 2020(after COVID-19),with an increase of 14.6%,and the region-specific consistency increased from 81.2%to 93%for the eastern region and from 78.3%to 90.1%for the western region,with an increase of 14.5%and 15.1%,respectively,and a significant difference between the regions(P<0.05).National consistency between the primary prevention goal of emergency response to major disease epidemics and public needs increased from 36.9%to 46.4%,with a significant difference between the periods before and after the COVID-19 epidemic(P<0.05);there were no significant differences between periods in consistency between the secondary and tertiary prevention goals of emergency response to major disease epidemics and public needs at either the national or regional level.Conclusion Consistency between emergency response goals for major disease epide

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒感染疫情 重大疫情应急处置 目标设置变化 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]