宁夏回族自治区慢性乙型肝炎患者家庭密切接触者乙型肝炎病毒感染和乙型肝炎防治知识、态度和行为调查  

A survey on hepatitis B virus infection and knowledge,attitudes,and practices of hepatitis B prevention and control among close family contacts of chronic hepatitis B patients in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

作　　者：石晓娟[1] 刘玮 张颖[1] 周路平[1] 周洋 周莉薇[1] Shi Xiaojuan;Liu Wei;Zhang Ying;Zhou Luping;Zhou Yang;Zhou Liwei(Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yinchuan 750004,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏回族自治区疾病预防控制中心,宁夏银川750004

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2024年第5期550-556,共7页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：中国肝炎防治基金会中国乙肝防控科研基金(YGFK20200060)。

摘　　要：目的了解宁夏慢性乙型肝炎(Chronic hepatitis B,CHB)患者家庭密切接触者乙肝病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染和乙肝防控知识、态度和行为(Knowledge,attitude,and practice,KAP)。方法采用人口比例概率抽样法在宁夏所有县区选取CHB患者家庭密切接触者开展问卷调查,采集血清标本进行HBV标志物检测,分析HBV感染率及其影响因素;对≥18岁家庭密切接触者同时开展乙肝防控KAP问卷调查,分析KAP评分及其影响因素。结果CHB患者家庭密切接触者HBV总感染率为55.72%(375/673),多因素Logistic回归分析显示HBV感染率随年龄增加而上升(OR=1.29,95%CI:1.11-1.50)。在526例≥18岁家庭密切接触者中,乙肝防治KAP总平均评分为16.91±6.09分(满分为27分);多元线性回归分析显示文化程度越高者、HBV未感染者KAP评分更高(β=2.07,95%CI:1.28-2.85;β=1.22,95%CI:1.10-1.87),无乙肝疫苗免疫史者KAP评分低(β=-2.77,95%CI:-3.92~-1.62)。结论宁夏CHB患者家庭密切接触者HBV感染率较高;建议加强其乙肝防治健康教育、HBV感染筛查和管理、易感者乙肝疫苗接种等措施。Objective To explore hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection and knowledge,attitudes and practices(KAP)about hepatitis B prevention and control among close family contacts of chronic hepatitis B(CHB)patients in Ningxia.Methods We used the probability proportionate to size sampling method to select close family contacts of CHB patients in all counties/districts of Ningxia for a questionnaire-based survey;we obtained serum samples for testing HBV markers to determine HBV infection rates and factors influencing infection.We selected close family contacts≥18 years of age for a questionnaire-based survey of KAP about hepatitis B prevention and control to determine KAP scores and factors influencing scores.Results The overall HBV infection rate was 55.72%(375/673)among close family contacts of CHB patients;multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the HBV infection rate increased with increasing age(OR=1.29,95%CI:1.11-1.50).Among the 526 close family contacts≥18 years of age,the overall average KAP score about hepatitis B prevention and control was 16.91±6.09(a full score was 27);multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the KAP score was higher among subjects with higher education levels and among subjects without HBV infection(β=2.07,95%CI:1.28-2.85;β=1.22,95%CI:1.10-1.87),and was lower among subjects without a hepatitis B vaccination history(β=-2.77,95%CI:-3.92 to-1.62).Conclusions The level of HBV infection was high among close family contacts of CHB patients in Ningxia.We suggest strengthening health education on hepatitis B prevention and control for them,screening for and management of HBV infections,and hepatitis B vaccination for susceptible individuals.

关 键 词：慢性乙型肝炎 家庭密切接触者 乙型肝炎病毒 感染 知识 态度 行为 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]