2024年福建省首例Y群流行性脑脊髓膜炎病例调查处置  

Investigation and response for the first case of group Y meningococcal meningitis in Fujian province,2024

作　　者：胡奇胆[1] 胡智强 林建阳 吴林晶 徐雪婷 周勇[4] 叶建斌 Hu Qidan;Hu Zhiqiang;Lin Jianyang;Wu Linjing;Xu Xueting;Zhou Yong;Ye Jianbin(Putian Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Putian 351100,Fujian,China;Xiuyu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Putian 351146,Fujian,China;Putian First Hospital,Putian 351100,Fujian,China;Fujian Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fuzhou 350000,Fujian,China;School of Basic Medicine,Putian University,Putian 351100,Fujian,China;Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou 350000,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]莆田市疾病预防控制中心,福建莆田351100 [2]秀屿区疾病预防控制中心,福建莆田351146 [3]莆田市第一医院,福建莆田351100 [4]福建省疾病预防控制中心,福建福州350000 [5]莆田学院基础医学院,福建莆田351100 [6]福建医科大学,福建福州350000

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2024年第5期568-571,共4页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

摘　　要：目的分析福建省首例Y群脑膜炎奈瑟菌(Neisseria menigitidis,Nm)所致流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑)病例调查处置情况。方法开展病例流行病学调查,采集血标本进行Nm分离;采集病例家人、学校同班级和其他班级师生咽拭子标本,检测Nm核酸;在当地开展健康人群Nm携带和抗体水平调查;评价采取相关预防措施的效果。结果该病例为14岁初中学生,2024年1月9日发病,血标本Y群Nm分离阳性。病例家人、学校同班级师生、其他班级师生Y群Nm阳性率分别为0.00%(0/4)、54.55%(30/55)、31.25%(5/16)。经采取隔离观察、预防性抗生素口服、含Y群脑膜炎球菌疫苗接种、环境消毒等预防措施后,未发生续发病例;学校师生Y群Nm核酸抽样检测阳性率为3.03%(1/33);当地健康人群Y群Nm携带率为0.00%(0/430),Y群Nm抗体阳性率为20.00%(86/430)。结论本例福建省首例Y群流脑可能经学校学生感染引起,及时采取相关预防措施后有效阻断了疫情传播。Objective To analyze investigation and response for the first meningococcal meningitis case caused by group Y Neisseria menigitidis(Nm)in Fujian province.Methods We conducted an epidemiological investigation of the case and isolated Nm from his blood.We collected throat swab samples of his family members,classmates/teachers,and other students/teachers for Nm nucleic acid testing.We conducted Nm carriage and group Y Nm antibody level surveys among a local healthy population to evaluate the effectiveness of relevant preventive measures.Results The case was a junior middle school student 14 years of age who was ill on January 9,2024 and had a blood sample positive for group Y Nm.Positivity rates of group Y Nm among his family members,classmates/teachers,and other students/teachers were 0.00%(0/4),54.55%(30/55),and 31.25%(5/16),respectively.After taking preventive measures of isolation/observation,oral prophylactic antibiotics use,group Y-containing meningococcal vaccination,and environmental disinfection,no secondary cases occurred.The positivity rate of group Y Nm nucleic acid among a sample of school students/teachers was 3.03%(1/33);and the carriage rate of Nm among a local healthy population was 0.00%(0/430),with a 20.00%(86/430)positivity rate of group Y Nm antibody.Conclusions The first group Y meningococcal meningitis case in Fujian may have been caused by infection among school students.Rapid preventive measures interrupted Nm transmission.

关 键 词：流行性脑脊髓膜炎 脑膜炎奈瑟菌 Y血清群 调查 处置 

分 类 号：R183.1[医药卫生—流行病学]