基于不同数字地形模型的城市内涝模拟  

Urban Flooding Simulation Based on Different Digital Terrain Models

作　　者：吴凯华[1,2] 赵小阳 段鹏[1,2,3] 邱镛康 魏峰[1] WU Kaihua;ZHAO Xiaoyang;DUAN Peng;QIU Yongkang;WEI Feng(Guangzhou Urban Planning&Design Survey Research Institute,Guangzhou 510060,China;Guangzhou Collaborative Innovation Center of Natural Resources Planning and Marine Technology,Guangzhou 510060,China;Guangdong Enterprise Key Laboratory for Urban Sensing,Monitoring and EarlyWarning,Guangzhou 510060,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院,广东广州510060 [2]广州市资源规划和海洋科技协同创新中心,广东广州510060 [3]广东省城市感知与监测预警企业重点实验室,广东广州510060

出　　处：《地理空间信息》2024年第11期38-42,61,共6页Geospatial Information

基　　金：广州市资源规划和海洋科技协同创新中心资助项目(2023B04J0301);广东省重点领域研发计划资助项目(2020B0101130009);广东省城市感知与监测预警企业重点实验室基金资助项目(2020B121202019)。

摘　　要：城市内涝是威胁人民生命财产安全的主要自然灾害之一。地势低洼、建筑密度大、地面渗水能力弱的城中村或社区,更容易引发城市内涝。情景模拟是城市内涝防治的有效手段,但对于城市内涝模拟采用何种地形数据长期存在争议。以广州市中心城区两处易涝区为研究对象,采用广州市暴雨强度公式模拟该区域3种雨型的强降水过程;根据雨水口综合流速公式分析排水能力,分别结合数字表面模型和数字高程模型模拟地表汇水情况,并通过淹没深度对该区域内涝风险进行评估。结果表明,数字表面模型能比数字高程模型更好地模拟高密度建筑区的内涝情况,模拟结果对推进该区域排水系统建设和更全面开展城市雨洪模拟具有一定的参考价值。Urban flooding is one of the main natural disasters that threaten the safety of people’s lives and property,especially for communities with low terrain,high density building and weak ground water permeability,which are more likely to trigger risks.Scenario simulation is an effective means of urban flooding prevention,but there has been a long-standing controversy over which type of terrain data to use for urban flooding simulation.Taking two waterlogging prone areas in the central urban area of Guangzhou as the research object,we used the rainstorm intensity formula of Guangzhou to simulate the heavy rainfall process of three rain patterns in this area.Then,we analyzed the drainage capacity based on the comprehensive velocity formula of gutter inlet,simulated the surface catchment by combining digital surface model(DSM)and digital elevation model(DEM),and assessed the flooding risk in this area by the submergence depth.The research results show that DSM can better simulate the flooding situation in high density building areas than DEM.The simulation results have certain reference value for promoting the construction of drainage systems in the region,and conducting more comprehensive urban rainwater and flood simulation.

关 键 词：数字表面模型 数字高程模型 雨水口泄流 降雨强度 淹没分析 

分 类 号：P231[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]